{
  description = "BPF-based scheduler using sched-ext";

  inputs = {
    nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
    flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
    rust-overlay = {
      url = "github:oxalica/rust-overlay";
      inputs = {
        nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
        flake-utils.follows = "flake-utils";
      };
    };
  };

  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, flake-utils, rust-overlay }:
    flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system:
      let
        overlays = [ (import rust-overlay) ];
        pkgs = import nixpkgs {
          inherit system overlays;
          config = {
            hardeningDisable = [ "stackprotector" "zerocallusedregs" ];
          };
        };
        
        # Use a stable rust with specific components
        rustVersion = pkgs.rust-bin.stable.latest.default.override {
          extensions = [ "rust-src" "rust-analyzer" "clippy" "rustfmt" ];
        };

        # Python with ML dependencies
        pythonEnv = pkgs.python3.withPackages (ps: with ps; [
          pandas
          numpy
          scikit-learn
          matplotlib
          pytorch
        ]);

        # Dependencies based on scx_rustscheds
        nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [
          pkg-config
          rustVersion
          llvmPackages.clang
          bpftools # bpftool
          pythonEnv # Add Python environment
        ];
        
        buildInputs = with pkgs; [
          elfutils
          zlib
          zstd
          libbpf
        ];

        # Environment variables needed for compilation
        shellEnv = {
          LIBCLANG_PATH = "${pkgs.lib.getLib pkgs.llvmPackages.libclang}/lib";
          BPF_CLANG = pkgs.lib.getExe pkgs.llvmPackages.clang;
          BPF_EXTRA_CFLAGS_PRE_INCL = pkgs.lib.concatStringsSep " " [
            "-I${pkgs.libbpf}/include"
            "-I${pkgs.libbpf}/include/uapi"
            "-I${pkgs.libbpf}/include/linux"
          ];
          BPF_EXTRA_CFLAGS = "-fno-stack-protector";
          RUSTFLAGS = pkgs.lib.concatStringsSep " " [
            "-C relocation-model=pic"
            "-C link-args=-lelf"
            "-C link-args=-lz"
            "-C link-args=-lzstd"
            "-L ${pkgs.libbpf}/lib"
          ];
        };
      in
      {
        # Development shell with all dependencies
        devShells.default = pkgs.mkShell {
          inherit nativeBuildInputs buildInputs;
          inherit (shellEnv) LIBCLANG_PATH BPF_CLANG BPF_EXTRA_CFLAGS_PRE_INCL BPF_EXTRA_CFLAGS RUSTFLAGS;
          hardeningDisable = [ "stackprotector" "zerocallusedregs" ];
          
          # Additional development tools
          packages = with pkgs; [
            cargo-watch
            cargo-expand
            samply
            just
          ];
          
          # Shell hook to print some useful info
          shellHook = ''
            echo "BPF scheduler development environment"
            echo "Kernel: $(uname -r)"
            echo "Rust: $(rustc --version)"
            echo "Clang: $(clang --version | head -n1)"
            echo "Python: $(python --version)"
          '';
        };
      });
}