pm24.git/kernel/time/timekeeping.c, branch v4.10-rc8

ktime: Get rid of the union

2016-12-25T16:21:22Z

ktime is a union because the initial implementation stored the time in scalar nanoseconds on 64 bit machine and in a endianess optimized timespec variant for 32bit machines. The Y2038 cleanup removed the timespec variant and switched everything to scalar nanoseconds. The union remained, but become completely pointless. Get rid of the union and just keep ktime_t as simple typedef of type s64. The conversion was done with coccinelle and some manual mopping up. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Peter Zijlstra

clocksource: Use a plain u64 instead of cycle_t

2016-12-25T10:04:12Z

There is no point in having an extra type for extra confusion. u64 is unambiguous. Conversion was done with the following coccinelle script: @rem@ @@ -typedef u64 cycle_t; @fix@ typedef cycle_t; @@ -cycle_t +u64 Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: John Stultz

timekeeping: Use mul_u64_u32_shr() instead of open coding it

2016-12-09T11:06:42Z

The resume code must deal with a clocksource delta which is potentially big enough to overflow the 64bit mult. Replace the open coded handling with the proper function. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Reviewed-by: David Gibson Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Cc: Parit Bhargava Cc: Laurent Vivier Cc: "Christopher S. Hall" Cc: Chris Metcalf Cc: Richard Cochran Cc: Liav Rehana Cc: John Stultz Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161208204228.921674404@linutronix.de Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner

timekeeping: Get rid of pointless typecasts

2016-12-09T11:06:42Z

cycle_t is defined as u64, so casting it to u64 is a pointless and confusing exercise. cycle_t should simply go away and be replaced with a plain u64 to avoid further confusion. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Reviewed-by: David Gibson Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Cc: Parit Bhargava Cc: Laurent Vivier Cc: "Christopher S. Hall" Cc: Chris Metcalf Cc: Richard Cochran Cc: Liav Rehana Cc: John Stultz Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161208204228.844699737@linutronix.de Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner

timekeeping: Make the conversion call chain consistently unsigned

2016-12-09T11:06:41Z

Propagating a unsigned value through signed variables and functions makes absolutely no sense and is just prone to (re)introduce subtle signed vs. unsigned issues as happened recently. Clean it up. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Reviewed-by: David Gibson Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Cc: Parit Bhargava Cc: Laurent Vivier Cc: "Christopher S. Hall" Cc: Chris Metcalf Cc: Richard Cochran Cc: Liav Rehana Cc: John Stultz Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161208204228.765843099@linutronix.de Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner

timekeeping_Force_unsigned_clocksource_to_nanoseconds_conversion

2016-12-09T11:06:41Z

The clocksource delta to nanoseconds conversion is using signed math, but the delta is unsigned. This makes the conversion space smaller than necessary and in case of a multiplication overflow the conversion can become negative. The conversion is done with scaled math: s64 nsec_delta = ((s64)clkdelta * clk->mult) >> clk->shift; Shifting a signed integer right obvioulsy preserves the sign, which has interesting consequences: - Time jumps backwards - __iter_div_u64_rem() which is used in one of the calling code pathes will take forever to piecewise calculate the seconds/nanoseconds part. This has been reported by several people with different scenarios: David observed that when stopping a VM with a debugger: "It was essentially the stopped by debugger case. I forget exactly why, but the guest was being explicitly stopped from outside, it wasn't just scheduling lag. I think it was something in the vicinity of 10 minutes stopped." When lifting the stop the machine went dead. The stopped by debugger case is not really interesting, but nevertheless it would be a good thing not to die completely. But this was also observed on a live system by Liav: "When the OS is too overloaded, delta will get a high enough value for the msb of the sum delta * tkr->mult + tkr->xtime_nsec to be set, and so after the shift the nsec variable will gain a value similar to 0xffffffffff000000." Unfortunately this has been reintroduced recently with commit 6bd58f09e1d8 ("time: Add cycles to nanoseconds translation"). It had been fixed a year ago already in commit 35a4933a8959 ("time: Avoid signed overflow in timekeeping_get_ns()"). Though it's not surprising that the issue has been reintroduced because the function itself and the whole call chain uses s64 for the result and the propagation of it. The change in this recent commit is subtle: s64 nsec; - nsec = (d * m + n) >> s: + nsec = d * m + n; + nsec >>= s; d being type of cycle_t adds another level of obfuscation. This wouldn't have happened if the previous change to unsigned computation would have made the 'nsec' variable u64 right away and a follow up patch had cleaned up the whole call chain. There have been patches submitted which basically did a revert of the above patch leaving everything else unchanged as signed. Back to square one. This spawned a admittedly pointless discussion about potential users which rely on the unsigned behaviour until someone pointed out that it had been fixed before. The changelogs of said patches added further confusion as they made finally false claims about the consequences for eventual users which expect signed results. Despite delta being cycle_t, aka. u64, it's very well possible to hand in a signed negative value and the signed computation will happily return the correct result. But nobody actually sat down and analyzed the code which was added as user after the propably unintended signed conversion. Though in sensitive code like this it's better to analyze it proper and make sure that nothing relies on this than hunting the subtle wreckage half a year later. After analyzing all call chains it stands that no caller can hand in a negative value (which actually would work due to the s64 cast) and rely on the signed math to do the right thing. Change the conversion function to unsigned math. The conversion of all call chains is done in a follow up patch. This solves the starvation issue, which was caused by the negative result, but it does not solve the underlying problem. It merily procrastinates it. When the timekeeper update is deferred long enough that the unsigned multiplication overflows, then time going backwards is observable again. It does neither solve the issue of clocksources with a small counter width which will wrap around possibly several times and cause random time stamps to be generated. But those are usually not found on systems used for virtualization, so this is likely a non issue. I took the liberty to claim authorship for this simply because analyzing all callsites and writing the changelog took substantially more time than just making the simple s/s64/u64/ change and ignore the rest. Fixes: 6bd58f09e1d8 ("time: Add cycles to nanoseconds translation") Reported-by: David Gibson Reported-by: Liav Rehana Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Reviewed-by: David Gibson Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Cc: Parit Bhargava Cc: Laurent Vivier Cc: "Christopher S. Hall" Cc: Chris Metcalf Cc: Richard Cochran Cc: John Stultz Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161208204228.688545601@linutronix.de Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner

timekeeping: Add a fast and NMI safe boot clock

2016-11-29T17:02:59Z

This boot clock can be used as a tracing clock and will account for suspend time. To keep it NMI safe since we're accessing from tracing, we're not using a separate timekeeper with updates to monotonic clock and boot offset protected with seqlocks. This has the following minor side effects: (1) Its possible that a timestamp be taken after the boot offset is updated but before the timekeeper is updated. If this happens, the new boot offset is added to the old timekeeping making the clock appear to update slightly earlier: CPU 0 CPU 1 timekeeping_inject_sleeptime64() __timekeeping_inject_sleeptime(tk, delta); timestamp(); timekeeping_update(tk, TK_CLEAR_NTP...); (2) On 32-bit systems, the 64-bit boot offset (tk->offs_boot) may be partially updated. Since the tk->offs_boot update is a rare event, this should be a rare occurrence which postprocessing should be able to handle. Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes Signed-off-by: John Stultz Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Prarit Bhargava Cc: Richard Cochran Cc: Steven Rostedt Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1480372524-15181-6-git-send-email-john.stultz@linaro.org Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner

timekeeping: Fix __ktime_get_fast_ns() regression

2016-10-05T13:44:46Z

In commit 27727df240c7 ("Avoid taking lock in NMI path with CONFIG_DEBUG_TIMEKEEPING"), I changed the logic to open-code the timekeeping_get_ns() function, but I forgot to include the unit conversion from cycles to nanoseconds, breaking the function's output, which impacts users like perf. This results in bogus perf timestamps like: swapper 0 [000] 253.427536: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 254.426573: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 254.426687: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 254.426800: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 254.426905: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 254.427022: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 254.427127: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 254.427239: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 254.427346: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 254.427463: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 255.426572: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) Instead of more reasonable expected timestamps like: swapper 0 [000] 39.953768: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 40.064839: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 40.175956: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 40.287103: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 40.398217: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 40.509324: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 40.620437: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 40.731546: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 40.842654: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 40.953772: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) swapper 0 [000] 41.064881: 111111111 cpu-clock: ffffffff810a0de6 native_safe_halt+0x6 ([kernel.kallsyms]) Add the proper use of timekeeping_delta_to_ns() to convert the cycle delta to nanoseconds as needed. Thanks to Brendan and Alexei for finding this quickly after the v4.8 release. Unfortunately the problematic commit has landed in some -stable trees so they'll need this fix as well. Many apologies for this mistake. I'll be looking to add a perf-clock sanity test to the kselftest timers tests soon. Fixes: 27727df240c7 "timekeeping: Avoid taking lock in NMI path with CONFIG_DEBUG_TIMEKEEPING" Reported-by: Brendan Gregg Reported-by: Alexei Starovoitov Tested-and-reviewed-by: Mathieu Desnoyers Signed-off-by: John Stultz Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: stable Cc: Steven Rostedt Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1475636148-26539-1-git-send-email-john.stultz@linaro.org Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner

timekeeping: Avoid taking lock in NMI path with CONFIG_DEBUG_TIMEKEEPING

2016-08-24T07:34:31Z

When I added some extra sanity checking in timekeeping_get_ns() under CONFIG_DEBUG_TIMEKEEPING, I missed that the NMI safe __ktime_get_fast_ns() method was using timekeeping_get_ns(). Thus the locking added to the debug checks broke the NMI-safety of __ktime_get_fast_ns(). This patch open-codes the timekeeping_get_ns() logic for __ktime_get_fast_ns(), so can avoid any deadlocks in NMI. Fixes: 4ca22c2648f9 "timekeeping: Add warnings when overflows or underflows are observed" Reported-by: Steven Rostedt Reported-by: Peter Zijlstra Signed-off-by: John Stultz Cc: stable Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1471993702-29148-2-git-send-email-john.stultz@linaro.org Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner

Merge branch 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

2016-07-26T03:43:12Z

Pull timer updates from Thomas Gleixner: "This update provides the following changes: - The rework of the timer wheel which addresses the shortcomings of the current wheel (cascading, slow search for next expiring timer, etc). That's the first major change of the wheel in almost 20 years since Finn implemted it. - A large overhaul of the clocksource drivers init functions to consolidate the Device Tree initialization - Some more Y2038 updates - A capability fix for timerfd - Yet another clock chip driver - The usual pile of updates, comment improvements all over the place" * 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (130 commits) tick/nohz: Optimize nohz idle enter clockevents: Make clockevents_subsys static clocksource/drivers/time-armada-370-xp: Fix return value check timers: Implement optimization for same expiry time in mod_timer() timers: Split out index calculation timers: Only wake softirq if necessary timers: Forward the wheel clock whenever possible timers/nohz: Remove pointless tick_nohz_kick_tick() function timers: Optimize collect_expired_timers() for NOHZ timers: Move __run_timers() function timers: Remove set_timer_slack() leftovers timers: Switch to a non-cascading wheel timers: Reduce the CPU index space to 256k timers: Give a few structs and members proper names hlist: Add hlist_is_singular_node() helper signals: Use hrtimer for sigtimedwait() timers: Remove the deprecated mod_timer_pinned() API timers, net/ipv4/inet: Initialize connection request timers as pinned timers, drivers/tty/mips_ejtag: Initialize the poll timer as pinned timers, drivers/tty/metag_da: Initialize the poll timer as pinned ...