Merge tag 'kbuild-v6.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild

Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:

 - Support cross-compiling linux-headers Debian package and kernel-devel
   RPM package

 - Add support for the linux-debug Pacman package

 - Improve module rebuilding speed by factoring out the common code to
   scripts/module-common.c

 - Separate device tree build rules into scripts/Makefile.dtbs

 - Add a new script to generate modules.builtin.ranges, which is useful
   for tracing tools to find symbols in built-in modules

 - Refactor Kconfig and misc tools

 - Update Kbuild and Kconfig documentation

* tag 'kbuild-v6.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (51 commits)
  kbuild: doc: replace "gcc" in external module description
  kbuild: doc: describe the -C option precisely for external module builds
  kbuild: doc: remove the description about shipped files
  kbuild: doc: drop section numbering, use references in modules.rst
  kbuild: doc: throw out the local table of contents in modules.rst
  kbuild: doc: remove outdated description of the limitation on -I usage
  kbuild: doc: remove description about grepping CONFIG options
  kbuild: doc: update the description about Kbuild/Makefile split
  kbuild: remove unnecessary export of RUST_LIB_SRC
  kbuild: remove append operation on cmd_ld_ko_o
  kconfig: cache expression values
  kconfig: use hash table to reuse expressions
  kconfig: refactor expr_eliminate_dups()
  kconfig: add comments to expression transformations
  kconfig: change some expr_*() functions to bool
  scripts: move hash function from scripts/kconfig/ to scripts/include/
  kallsyms: change overflow variable to bool type
  kallsyms: squash output_address()
  kbuild: add install target for modules.builtin.ranges
  scripts: add verifier script for builtin module range data
  ...

56 files changed, 1867 insertions, 909 deletions

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 38b7ab9e7dc4..56972adb5031 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@
 *.so.dbg
 *.su
 *.symtypes
-*.symversions
 *.tab.[ch]
 *.tar
 *.xz
@@ -71,6 +70,7 @@ modules.order
 /Module.markers
 /modules.builtin
 /modules.builtin.modinfo
+/modules.builtin.ranges
 /modules.nsdeps
 
 #
@@ -143,7 +143,6 @@ GTAGS
 # id-utils files
 ID
 
-*.orig
 *~
 \#*#
 
diff --git a/Documentation/dontdiff b/Documentation/dontdiff
index 94b3492dc301..de2cb8de6112 100644
--- a/Documentation/dontdiff
+++ b/Documentation/dontdiff
@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ modpost
 modules-only.symvers
 modules.builtin
 modules.builtin.modinfo
+modules.builtin.ranges
 modules.nsdeps
 modules.order
 modversions.h*
diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.rst b/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.rst
index 9c8d1d046ea5..1796b3eba37b 100644
--- a/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.rst
+++ b/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.rst
@@ -22,6 +22,11 @@ modules.builtin.modinfo
 This file contains modinfo from all modules that are built into the kernel.
 Unlike modinfo of a separate module, all fields are prefixed with module name.
 
+modules.builtin.ranges
+----------------------
+This file contains address offset ranges (per ELF section) for all modules
+that are built into the kernel. Together with System.map, it can be used
+to associate module names with symbols.
 
 Environment variables
 =====================
@@ -129,6 +134,11 @@ KBUILD_OUTPUT
 -------------
 Specify the output directory when building the kernel.
 
+This variable can also be used to point to the kernel output directory when
+building external modules against a pre-built kernel in a separate build
+directory. Please note that this does NOT specify the output directory for the
+external modules themselves.
+
 The output directory can also be specified using "O=...".
 
 Setting "O=..." takes precedence over KBUILD_OUTPUT.
diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/kconfig-language.rst b/Documentation/kbuild/kconfig-language.rst
index 71b38a7670f3..43037be96a16 100644
--- a/Documentation/kbuild/kconfig-language.rst
+++ b/Documentation/kbuild/kconfig-language.rst
@@ -70,7 +70,11 @@ applicable everywhere (see syntax).
 
   Every menu entry can have at most one prompt, which is used to display
   to the user. Optionally dependencies only for this prompt can be added
-  with "if".
+  with "if". If a prompt is not present, the config option is a non-visible
+  symbol, meaning its value cannot be directly changed by the user (such as
+  altering the value in ``.config``) and the option will not appear in any
+  config menus. Its value can only be set via "default" and "select" (see
+  below).
 
 - default value: "default" <expr> ["if" <expr>]
 
diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.rst b/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.rst
index be43990f1e7f..7964e0c245ae 100644
--- a/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.rst
+++ b/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.rst
@@ -1665,6 +1665,5 @@ Credits
 TODO
 ====
 
-- Describe how kbuild supports shipped files with _shipped.
 - Generating offset header files.
 - Add more variables to chapters 7 or 9?
diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/modules.rst b/Documentation/kbuild/modules.rst
index 131863142cbb..cd5a54d91e6d 100644
--- a/Documentation/kbuild/modules.rst
+++ b/Documentation/kbuild/modules.rst
@@ -4,41 +4,12 @@ Building External Modules
 
 This document describes how to build an out-of-tree kernel module.
 
-.. Table of Contents
-
-	=== 1 Introduction
-	=== 2 How to Build External Modules
-	   --- 2.1 Command Syntax
-	   --- 2.2 Options
-	   --- 2.3 Targets
-	   --- 2.4 Building Separate Files
-	=== 3. Creating a Kbuild File for an External Module
-	   --- 3.1 Shared Makefile
-	   --- 3.2 Separate Kbuild file and Makefile
-	   --- 3.3 Binary Blobs
-	   --- 3.4 Building Multiple Modules
-	=== 4. Include Files
-	   --- 4.1 Kernel Includes
-	   --- 4.2 Single Subdirectory
-	   --- 4.3 Several Subdirectories
-	=== 5. Module Installation
-	   --- 5.1 INSTALL_MOD_PATH
-	   --- 5.2 INSTALL_MOD_DIR
-	=== 6. Module Versioning
-	   --- 6.1 Symbols From the Kernel (vmlinux + modules)
-	   --- 6.2 Symbols and External Modules
-	   --- 6.3 Symbols From Another External Module
-	=== 7. Tips & Tricks
-	   --- 7.1 Testing for CONFIG_FOO_BAR
-
-
-
-1. Introduction
-===============
+Introduction
+============
 
 "kbuild" is the build system used by the Linux kernel. Modules must use
 kbuild to stay compatible with changes in the build infrastructure and
-to pick up the right flags to "gcc." Functionality for building modules
+to pick up the right flags to the compiler. Functionality for building modules
 both in-tree and out-of-tree is provided. The method for building
 either is similar, and all modules are initially developed and built
 out-of-tree.
@@ -48,11 +19,11 @@ in building out-of-tree (or "external") modules. The author of an
 external module should supply a makefile that hides most of the
 complexity, so one only has to type "make" to build the module. This is
 easily accomplished, and a complete example will be presented in
-section 3.
+section `Creating a Kbuild File for an External Module`_.
 
 
-2. How to Build External Modules
-================================
+How to Build External Modules
+=============================
 
 To build external modules, you must have a prebuilt kernel available
 that contains the configuration and header files used in the build.
@@ -69,12 +40,12 @@ NOTE: "modules_prepare" will not build Module.symvers even if
 CONFIG_MODVERSIONS is set; therefore, a full kernel build needs to be
 executed to make module versioning work.
 
-2.1 Command Syntax
-==================
+Command Syntax
+--------------
 
 	The command to build an external module is::
 
-		$ make -C <path_to_kernel_src> M=$PWD
+		$ make -C <path_to_kernel_dir> M=$PWD
 
 	The kbuild system knows that an external module is being built
 	due to the "M=<dir>" option given in the command.
@@ -88,15 +59,18 @@ executed to make module versioning work.
 
 		$ make -C /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build M=$PWD modules_install
 
-2.2 Options
-===========
+Options
+-------
 
-	($KDIR refers to the path of the kernel source directory.)
+	($KDIR refers to the path of the kernel source directory, or the path
+	of the kernel output directory if the kernel was built in a separate
+	build directory.)
 
 	make -C $KDIR M=$PWD
 
 	-C $KDIR
-		The directory where the kernel source is located.
+		The directory that contains the kernel and relevant build
+		artifacts used for building an external module.
 		"make" will actually change to the specified directory
 		when executing and will change back when finished.
 
@@ -106,8 +80,8 @@ executed to make module versioning work.
 		directory where the external module (kbuild file) is
 		located.
 
-2.3 Targets
-===========
+Targets
+-------
 
 	When building an external module, only a subset of the "make"
 	targets are available.
@@ -129,7 +103,8 @@ executed to make module versioning work.
 	modules_install
 		Install the external module(s). The default location is
 		/lib/modules/<kernel_release>/updates/, but a prefix may
-		be added with INSTALL_MOD_PATH (discussed in section 5).
+		be added with INSTALL_MOD_PATH (discussed in section
+		`Module Installation`_).
 
 	clean
 		Remove all generated files in the module directory only.
@@ -137,8 +112,8 @@ executed to make module versioning work.
 	help
 		List the available targets for external modules.
 
-2.4 Building Separate Files
-===========================
+Building Separate Files
+-----------------------
 
 	It is possible to build single files that are part of a module.
 	This works equally well for the kernel, a module, and even for
@@ -152,8 +127,8 @@ executed to make module versioning work.
 		make -C $KDIR M=$PWD ./
 
 
-3. Creating a Kbuild File for an External Module
-================================================
+Creating a Kbuild File for an External Module
+=============================================
 
 In the last section we saw the command to build a module for the
 running kernel. The module is not actually built, however, because a
@@ -180,10 +155,9 @@ module 8123.ko, which is built from the following files::
 	8123_if.c
 	8123_if.h
 	8123_pci.c
-	8123_bin.o_shipped	<= Binary blob
 
-3.1 Shared Makefile
--------------------
+Shared Makefile
+---------------
 
 	An external module always includes a wrapper makefile that
 	supports building the module using "make" with no arguments.
@@ -198,7 +172,7 @@ module 8123.ko, which is built from the following files::
 		ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
 		# kbuild part of makefile
 		obj-m  := 8123.o
-		8123-y := 8123_if.o 8123_pci.o 8123_bin.o
+		8123-y := 8123_if.o 8123_pci.o
 
 		else
 		# normal makefile
@@ -207,10 +181,6 @@ module 8123.ko, which is built from the following files::
 		default:
 			$(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$$PWD
 
-		# Module specific targets
-		genbin:
-			echo "X" > 8123_bin.o_shipped
-
 		endif
 
 	The check for KERNELRELEASE is used to separate the two parts
@@ -221,19 +191,18 @@ module 8123.ko, which is built from the following files::
 	line; the second pass is by the kbuild system, which is
 	initiated by the parameterized "make" in the default target.
 
-3.2 Separate Kbuild File and Makefile
--------------------------------------
+Separate Kbuild File and Makefile
+---------------------------------
 
-	In newer versions of the kernel, kbuild will first look for a
-	file named "Kbuild," and only if that is not found, will it
-	then look for a makefile. Utilizing a "Kbuild" file allows us
-	to split up the makefile from example 1 into two files:
+	Kbuild will first look for a file named "Kbuild", and if it is not
+	found, it will then look for "Makefile". Utilizing a "Kbuild" file
+	allows us to split up the "Makefile" from example 1 into two files:
 
 	Example 2::
 
 		--> filename: Kbuild
 		obj-m  := 8123.o
-		8123-y := 8123_if.o 8123_pci.o 8123_bin.o
+		8123-y := 8123_if.o 8123_pci.o
 
 		--> filename: Makefile
 		KDIR ?= /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build
@@ -241,68 +210,13 @@ module 8123.ko, which is built from the following files::
 		default:
 			$(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$$PWD
 
-		# Module specific targets
-		genbin:
-			echo "X" > 8123_bin.o_shipped
-
 	The split in example 2 is questionable due to the simplicity of
 	each file; however, some external modules use makefiles
 	consisting of several hundred lines, and here it really pays
 	off to separate the kbuild part from the rest.
 
-	The next example shows a backward compatible version.
-
-	Example 3::
-
-		--> filename: Kbuild
-		obj-m  := 8123.o
-		8123-y := 8123_if.o 8123_pci.o 8123_bin.o
-
-		--> filename: Makefile
-		ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
-		# kbuild part of makefile
-		include Kbuild
-
-		else
-		# normal makefile
-		KDIR ?= /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build
-
-		default:
-			$(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$$PWD
-
-		# Module specific targets
-		genbin:
-			echo "X" > 8123_bin.o_shipped
-
-		endif
-
-	Here the "Kbuild" file is included from the makefile. This
-	allows an older version of kbuild, which only knows of
-	makefiles, to be used when the "make" and kbuild parts are
-	split into separate files.
-
-3.3 Binary Blobs
-----------------
-
-	Some external modules need to include an object file as a blob.
-	kbuild has support for this, but requires the blob file to be
-	named <filename>_shipped. When the kbuild rules kick in, a copy
-	of <filename>_shipped is created with _shipped stripped off,
-	giving us <filename>. This shortened filename can be used in
-	the assignment to the module.
-
-	Throughout this section, 8123_bin.o_shipped has been used to
-	build the kernel module 8123.ko; it has been included as
-	8123_bin.o::
-
-		8123-y := 8123_if.o 8123_pci.o 8123_bin.o
-
-	Although there is no distinction between the ordinary source
-	files and the binary file, kbuild will pick up different rules
-	when creating the object file for the module.
-
-3.4 Building Multiple Modules
-=============================
+Building Multiple Modules
+-------------------------
 
 	kbuild supports building multiple modules with a single build
 	file. For example, if you wanted to build two modules, foo.ko
@@ -315,8 +229,8 @@ module 8123.ko, which is built from the following files::
 	It is that simple!
 
 
-4. Include Files
-================
+Include Files
+=============
 
 Within the kernel, header files are kept in standard locations
 according to the following rule:
@@ -334,19 +248,19 @@ according to the following rule:
 	      include/scsi; and architecture specific headers are located
 	      under arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/.
 
-4.1 Kernel Includes
--------------------
+Kernel Includes
+---------------
 
 	To include a header file located under include/linux/, simply
 	use::
 
 		#include <linux/module.h>
 
-	kbuild will add options to "gcc" so the relevant directories
+	kbuild will add options to the compiler so the relevant directories
 	are searched.
 
-4.2 Single Subdirectory
------------------------
+Single Subdirectory
+-------------------
 
 	External modules tend to place header files in a separate
 	include/ directory where their source is located, although this
@@ -360,15 +274,11 @@ according to the following rule:
 		--> filename: Kbuild
 		obj-m := 8123.o
 
-		ccflags-y := -Iinclude
-		8123-y := 8123_if.o 8123_pci.o 8123_bin.o
-
-	Note that in the assignment there is no space between -I and
-	the path. This is a limitation of kbuild: there must be no
-	space present.
+		ccflags-y := -I $(src)/include
+		8123-y := 8123_if.o 8123_pci.o
 
-4.3 Several Subdirectories
---------------------------
+Several Subdirectories
+----------------------
 
 	kbuild can handle files that are spread over several directories.
 	Consider the following example::
@@ -407,8 +317,8 @@ according to the following rule:
 	file is located.
 
 
-5. Module Installation
-======================
+Module Installation
+===================
 
 Modules which are included in the kernel are installed in the
 directory:
@@ -419,8 +329,8 @@ And external modules are installed in:
 
 	/lib/modules/$(KERNELRELEASE)/updates/
 
-5.1 INSTALL_MOD_PATH
---------------------
+INSTALL_MOD_PATH
+----------------
 
 	Above are the default directories but as always some level of
 	customization is possible. A prefix can be added to the
@@ -434,8 +344,8 @@ And external modules are installed in:
 	calling "make." This has effect when installing both in-tree
 	and out-of-tree modules.
 
-5.2 INSTALL_MOD_DIR
--------------------
+INSTALL_MOD_DIR
+---------------
 
 	External modules are by default installed to a directory under
 	/lib/modules/$(KERNELRELEASE)/updates/, but you may wish to
@@ -448,8 +358,8 @@ And external modules are installed in:
 		=> Install dir: /lib/modules/$(KERNELRELEASE)/gandalf/
 
 
-6. Module Versioning
-====================
+Module Versioning
+=================
 
 Module versioning is enabled by the CONFIG_MODVERSIONS tag, and is used
 as a simple ABI consistency check. A CRC value of the full prototype
@@ -461,8 +371,8 @@ module.
 Module.symvers contains a list of all exported symbols from a kernel
 build.
 
-6.1 Symbols From the Kernel (vmlinux + modules)
------------------------------------------------
+Symbols From the Kernel (vmlinux + modules)
+-------------------------------------------
 
 	During a kernel build, a file named Module.symvers will be
 	generated. Module.symvers contains all exported symbols from
@@ -486,8 +396,8 @@ build.
 	1) It lists all exported symbols from vmlinux and all modules.
 	2) It lists the CRC if CONFIG_MODVERSIONS is enabled.
 
-6.2 Symbols and External Modules
---------------------------------
+Symbols and External Modules
+----------------------------
 
 	When building an external module, the build system needs access
 	to the symbols from the kernel to check if all external symbols
@@ -496,8 +406,8 @@ build.
 	tree. During the MODPOST step, a new Module.symvers file will be
 	written containing all exported symbols from that external module.
 
-6.3 Symbols From Another External Module
-----------------------------------------
+Symbols From Another External Module
+------------------------------------
 
 	Sometimes, an external module uses exported symbols from
 	another external module. Kbuild needs to have full knowledge of
@@ -537,11 +447,11 @@ build.
 		initialization of its symbol tables.
 
 
-7. Tips & Tricks
-================
+Tips & Tricks
+=============
 
-7.1 Testing for CONFIG_FOO_BAR
-------------------------------
+Testing for CONFIG_FOO_BAR
+--------------------------
 
 	Modules often need to check for certain `CONFIG_` options to
 	decide if a specific feature is included in the module. In
@@ -553,9 +463,3 @@ build.
 
 		ext2-y := balloc.o bitmap.o dir.o
 		ext2-$(CONFIG_EXT2_FS_XATTR) += xattr.o
-
-	External modules have traditionally used "grep" to check for
-	specific `CONFIG_` settings directly in .config. This usage is
-	broken. As introduced before, external modules should use
-	kbuild for building and can therefore use the same methods as
-	in-tree modules when testing for `CONFIG_` definitions.
diff --git a/Documentation/process/changes.rst b/Documentation/process/changes.rst
index 3fc63f27c226..00f1ed7c59c3 100644
--- a/Documentation/process/changes.rst
+++ b/Documentation/process/changes.rst
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ GNU tar                1.28             tar --version
 gtags (optional)       6.6.5            gtags --version
 mkimage (optional)     2017.01          mkimage --version
 Python (optional)      3.5.x            python3 --version
+GNU AWK (optional)     5.1.0            gawk --version
 ====================== ===============  ========================================
 
 .. [#f1] Sphinx is needed only to build the Kernel documentation
@@ -192,6 +193,12 @@ platforms. The tool is available via the ``u-boot-tools`` package or can be
 built from the U-Boot source code. See the instructions at
 https://docs.u-boot.org/en/latest/build/tools.html#building-tools-for-linux
 
+GNU AWK
+-------
+
+GNU AWK is needed if you want kernel builds to generate address range data for
+builtin modules (CONFIG_BUILTIN_MODULE_RANGES).
+
 System utilities
 ****************
 
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 34bd1d5f9672..dfc7b0753e50 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -579,10 +579,6 @@ else
 	RUSTC_OR_CLIPPY = $(RUSTC)
 endif
 
-ifdef RUST_LIB_SRC
-	export RUST_LIB_SRC
-endif
-
 # Allows the usage of unstable features in stable compilers.
 export RUSTC_BOOTSTRAP := 1
 
@@ -1483,6 +1479,7 @@ endif # CONFIG_MODULES
 # Directories & files removed with 'make clean'
 CLEAN_FILES += vmlinux.symvers modules-only.symvers \
 	       modules.builtin modules.builtin.modinfo modules.nsdeps \
+	       modules.builtin.ranges vmlinux.o.map \
 	       compile_commands.json rust/test \
 	       rust-project.json .vmlinux.objs .vmlinux.export.c
 
@@ -1947,7 +1944,7 @@ clean: $(clean-dirs)
 		-o -name '*.c.[012]*.*' \
 		-o -name '*.ll' \
 		-o -name '*.gcno' \
-		-o -name '*.*.symversions' \) -type f -print \
+		\) -type f -print \
 		-o -name '.tmp_*' -print \
 		| xargs rm -rf
 
diff --git a/arch/arc/Kconfig b/arch/arc/Kconfig
index 163608fd49d1..5b2488142041 100644
--- a/arch/arc/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/arc/Kconfig
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ config ARC_BUILTIN_DTB_NAME
 	string "Built in DTB"
 	help
 	  Set the name of the DTB to embed in the vmlinux binary
-	  Leaving it blank selects the minimal "skeleton" dtb
+	  Leaving it blank selects the "nsim_700" dtb.
 
 endmenu	 # "ARC Architecture Configuration"
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/configs/tiny.config b/arch/x86/configs/tiny.config
index be3ee4294903..aabafa3faa6d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/configs/tiny.config
+++ b/arch/x86/configs/tiny.config
@@ -1,6 +1,2 @@
 CONFIG_NOHIGHMEM=y
-# CONFIG_HIGHMEM4G is not set
-# CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G is not set
-# CONFIG_UNWINDER_ORC is not set
 CONFIG_UNWINDER_GUESS=y
-# CONFIG_UNWINDER_FRAME_POINTER is not set
diff --git a/drivers/of/fdt.c b/drivers/of/fdt.c
index 68103ad230ee..4d528c10df3a 100644
--- a/drivers/of/fdt.c
+++ b/drivers/of/fdt.c
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 
 /*
  * __dtb_empty_root_begin[] and __dtb_empty_root_end[] magically created by
- * cmd_dt_S_dtb in scripts/Makefile.lib
+ * cmd_wrap_S_dtb in scripts/Makefile.dtbs
  */
 extern uint8_t __dtb_empty_root_begin[];
 extern uint8_t __dtb_empty_root_end[];
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest.c b/drivers/of/unittest.c
index b60b4b7d7172..daf9a2dddd7e 100644
--- a/drivers/of/unittest.c
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest.c
@@ -1861,7 +1861,7 @@ static int __init unittest_data_add(void)
 	struct device_node *unittest_data_node = NULL, *np;
 	/*
 	 * __dtbo_testcases_begin[] and __dtbo_testcases_end[] are magically
-	 * created by cmd_dt_S_dtbo in scripts/Makefile.lib
+	 * created by cmd_wrap_S_dtbo in scripts/Makefile.dtbs
 	 */
 	extern uint8_t __dtbo_testcases_begin[];
 	extern uint8_t __dtbo_testcases_end[];
@@ -3525,7 +3525,7 @@ out_skip_tests:
 
 /*
  * __dtbo_##overlay_name##_begin[] and __dtbo_##overlay_name##_end[] are
- * created by cmd_dt_S_dtbo in scripts/Makefile.lib
+ * created by cmd_wrap_S_dtbo in scripts/Makefile.dtbs
  */
 
 #define OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_name) \
diff --git a/kernel/configs/tiny.config b/kernel/configs/tiny.config
index 00009f7d0835..b753695c5a8f 100644
--- a/kernel/configs/tiny.config
+++ b/kernel/configs/tiny.config
@@ -1,10 +1,4 @@
-# CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE is not set
 CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE=y
-# CONFIG_KERNEL_GZIP is not set
-# CONFIG_KERNEL_BZIP2 is not set
-# CONFIG_KERNEL_LZMA is not set
 CONFIG_KERNEL_XZ=y
-# CONFIG_KERNEL_LZO is not set
-# CONFIG_KERNEL_LZ4 is not set
 CONFIG_SLUB=y
 CONFIG_SLUB_TINY=y
diff --git a/lib/Kconfig.debug b/lib/Kconfig.debug
index bc8faa4509e1..7315f643817a 100644
--- a/lib/Kconfig.debug
+++ b/lib/Kconfig.debug
@@ -573,6 +573,21 @@ config VMLINUX_MAP
 	  pieces of code get eliminated with
 	  CONFIG_LD_DEAD_CODE_DATA_ELIMINATION.
 
+config BUILTIN_MODULE_RANGES
+	bool "Generate address range information for builtin modules"
+	depends on !LTO
+	depends on VMLINUX_MAP
+	help
+	 When modules are built into the kernel, there will be no module name
+	 associated with its symbols in /proc/kallsyms.  Tracers may want to
+	 identify symbols by module name and symbol name regardless of whether
+	 the module is configured as loadable or not.
+
+	 This option generates modules.builtin.ranges in the build tree with
+	 offset ranges (per ELF section) for the module(s) they belong to.
+	 It also records an anchor symbol to determine the load address of the
+	 section.
+
 config DEBUG_FORCE_WEAK_PER_CPU
 	bool "Force weak per-cpu definitions"
 	depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
diff --git a/scripts/Makefile.build b/scripts/Makefile.build
index a5ac8ed1936f..8403eba15457 100644
--- a/scripts/Makefile.build
+++ b/scripts/Makefile.build
@@ -41,20 +41,6 @@ include $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.compiler
 include $(kbuild-file)
 include $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.lib
 
-# Do not include hostprogs rules unless needed.
-# $(sort ...) is used here to remove duplicated words and excessive spaces.
-hostprogs := $(sort $(hostprogs))
-ifneq ($(hostprogs),)
-include $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.host
-endif
-
-# Do not include userprogs rules unless needed.
-# $(sort ...) is used here to remove duplicated words and excessive spaces.
-userprogs := $(sort $(userprogs))
-ifneq ($(userprogs),)
-include $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.userprogs
-endif
-
 ifndef obj
 $(warning kbuild: Makefile.build is included improperly)
 endif
@@ -71,7 +57,6 @@ endif
 # subdir-builtin and subdir-modorder may contain duplications. Use $(sort ...)
 subdir-builtin := $(sort $(filter %/built-in.a, $(real-obj-y)))
 subdir-modorder := $(sort $(filter %/modules.order, $(obj-m)))
-subdir-dtbslist := $(sort $(filter %/dtbs-list, $(dtb-y)))
 
 targets-for-builtin := $(extra-y)
 
@@ -363,7 +348,7 @@ $(obj)/%.o: $(obj)/%.S FORCE
 
 targets += $(filter-out $(subdir-builtin), $(real-obj-y))
 targets += $(filter-out $(subdir-modorder), $(real-obj-m))
-targets += $(real-dtb-y) $(lib-y) $(always-y)
+targets += $(lib-y) $(always-y)
 
 # Linker scripts preprocessor (.lds.S -> .lds)
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -389,7 +374,6 @@ $(obj)/%.asn1.c $(obj)/%.asn1.h: $(src)/%.asn1 $(objtree)/scripts/asn1_compiler
 # To build objects in subdirs, we need to descend into the directories
 $(subdir-builtin): $(obj)/%/built-in.a: $(obj)/% ;
 $(subdir-modorder): $(obj)/%/modules.order: $(obj)/% ;
-$(subdir-dtbslist): $(obj)/%/dtbs-list: $(obj)/% ;
 
 #
 # Rule to compile a set of .o files into one .a file (without symbol table)
@@ -405,12 +389,8 @@ quiet_cmd_ar_builtin = AR      $@
 $(obj)/built-in.a: $(real-obj-y) FORCE
 	$(call if_changed,ar_builtin)
 
-#
-# Rule to create modules.order and dtbs-list
-#
-# This is a list of build artifacts (module or dtb) from the current Makefile
-# and its sub-directories. The timestamp should be updated when any of the
-# member files.
+# This is a list of build artifacts from the current Makefile and its
+# sub-directories. The timestamp should be updated when any of the member files.
 
 cmd_gen_order = { $(foreach m, $(real-prereqs), \
 	$(if $(filter %/$(notdir $@), $m), cat $m, echo $m);) :; } \
@@ -419,9 +399,6 @@ cmd_gen_order = { $(foreach m, $(real-prereqs), \
 $(obj)/modules.order: $(obj-m) FORCE
 	$(call if_changed,gen_order)
 
-$(obj)/dtbs-list: $(dtb-y) FORCE
-	$(call if_changed,gen_order)
-
 #
 # Rule to compile a set of .o files into one .a file (with symbol table)
 #
@@ -450,15 +427,26 @@ intermediate_targets = $(foreach sfx, $(2), \
 				$(patsubst %$(strip $(1)),%$(sfx), \
 					$(filter %$(strip $(1)), $(targets))))
 # %.asn1.o <- %.asn1.[ch] <- %.asn1
-# %.dtb.o <- %.dtb.S <- %.dtb <- %.dts
-# %.dtbo.o <- %.dtbo.S <- %.dtbo <- %.dtso
-# %.lex.o <- %.lex.c <- %.l
-# %.tab.o <- %.tab.[ch] <- %.y
-targets += $(call intermediate_targets, .asn1.o, .asn1.c .asn1.h) \
-	   $(call intermediate_targets, .dtb.o, .dtb.S .dtb) \
-	   $(call intermediate_targets, .dtbo.o, .dtbo.S .dtbo) \
-	   $(call intermediate_targets, .lex.o, .lex.c) \
-	   $(call intermediate_targets, .tab.o, .tab.c .tab.h)
+targets += $(call intermediate_targets, .asn1.o, .asn1.c .asn1.h)
+
+# Include additional build rules when necessary
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# $(sort ...) is used here to remove duplicated words and excessive spaces.
+hostprogs := $(sort $(hostprogs))
+ifneq ($(hostprogs),)
+include $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.host
+endif
+
+# $(sort ...) is used here to remove duplicated words and excessive spaces.
+userprogs := $(sort $(userprogs))
+ifneq ($(userprogs),)
+include $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.userprogs
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(need-dtbslist)$(dtb-y)$(dtb-)$(filter %.dtb %.dtb.o %.dtbo.o,$(targets)),)
+include $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.dtbs
+endif
 
 # Build
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/scripts/Makefile.dtbs b/scripts/Makefile.dtbs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..46009d5f1486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/Makefile.dtbs
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+
+# If CONFIG_OF_ALL_DTBS is enabled, all DT blobs are built
+dtb-$(CONFIG_OF_ALL_DTBS) += $(dtb-)
+
+# Composite DTB (i.e. DTB constructed by overlay)
+multi-dtb-y := $(call multi-search, $(dtb-y), .dtb, -dtbs)
+# Primitive DTB compiled from *.dts
+real-dtb-y := $(call real-search, $(dtb-y), .dtb, -dtbs)
+# Base DTB that overlay is applied onto
+base-dtb-y := $(filter %.dtb, $(call real-search, $(multi-dtb-y), .dtb, -dtbs))
+
+dtb-y           := $(addprefix $(obj)/, $(dtb-y))
+multi-dtb-y     := $(addprefix $(obj)/, $(multi-dtb-y))
+real-dtb-y      := $(addprefix $(obj)/, $(real-dtb-y))
+
+always-y        += $(dtb-y)
+targets         += $(real-dtb-y)
+
+# dtbs-list
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifdef need-dtbslist
+subdir-dtbslist := $(addsuffix /dtbs-list, $(subdir-ym))
+dtb-y           += $(subdir-dtbslist)
+always-y        += $(obj)/dtbs-list
+endif
+
+$(subdir-dtbslist): $(obj)/%/dtbs-list: $(obj)/% ;
+
+$(obj)/dtbs-list: $(dtb-y) FORCE
+	$(call if_changed,gen_order)
+
+# Assembly file to wrap dtb(o)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Generate an assembly file to wrap the output of the device tree compiler
+quiet_cmd_wrap_S_dtb = WRAP    $@
+      cmd_wrap_S_dtb = {								\
+		symbase=__$(patsubst .%,%,$(suffix $<))_$(subst -,_,$(notdir $*));	\
+		echo '\#include <asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h>';				\
+		echo '.section .dtb.init.rodata,"a"';					\
+		echo '.balign STRUCT_ALIGNMENT';					\
+		echo ".global $${symbase}_begin";					\
+		echo "$${symbase}_begin:";						\
+		echo '.incbin "$<" ';							\
+		echo ".global $${symbase}_end";						\
+		echo "$${symbase}_end:";						\
+		echo '.balign STRUCT_ALIGNMENT';					\
+	} > $@
+
+$(obj)/%.dtb.S: $(obj)/%.dtb FORCE
+	$(call if_changed,wrap_S_dtb)
+
+$(obj)/%.dtbo.S: $(obj)/%.dtbo FORCE
+	$(call if_changed,wrap_S_dtb)
+
+# Schema check
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifneq ($(CHECK_DTBS),)
+DT_CHECKER ?= dt-validate
+DT_CHECKER_FLAGS ?= $(if $(DT_SCHEMA_FILES),-l $(DT_SCHEMA_FILES),-m)
+DT_BINDING_DIR := Documentation/devicetree/bindings
+DT_TMP_SCHEMA := $(objtree)/$(DT_BINDING_DIR)/processed-schema.json
+dtb-check-enabled = $(if $(filter %.dtb, $@),y)
+endif
+
+quiet_dtb_check_tag = $(if $(dtb-check-enabled),[C],   )
+cmd_dtb_check = $(if $(dtb-check-enabled),; $(DT_CHECKER) $(DT_CHECKER_FLAGS) -u $(srctree)/$(DT_BINDING_DIR) -p $(DT_TMP_SCHEMA) $@ || true)
+
+# Overlay
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# NOTE:
+# Do not replace $(filter %.dtb %.dtbo, $^) with $(real-prereqs). When a single
+# DTB is turned into a multi-blob DTB, $^ will contain header file dependencies
+# recorded in the .*.cmd file.
+quiet_cmd_fdtoverlay = OVL $(quiet_dtb_check_tag) $@
+      cmd_fdtoverlay = $(objtree)/scripts/dtc/fdtoverlay -o $@ -i $(filter %.dtb %.dtbo, $^) $(cmd_dtb_check)
+
+$(multi-dtb-y): $(DT_TMP_SCHEMA) FORCE
+	$(call if_changed,fdtoverlay)
+$(call multi_depend, $(multi-dtb-y), .dtb, -dtbs)
+
+# DTC
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+DTC ?= $(objtree)/scripts/dtc/dtc
+DTC_FLAGS += -Wno-unique_unit_address
+
+# Disable noisy checks by default
+ifeq ($(findstring 1,$(KBUILD_EXTRA_WARN)),)
+DTC_FLAGS += -Wno-unit_address_vs_reg \
+             -Wno-avoid_unnecessary_addr_size \
+             -Wno-alias_paths \
+             -Wno-graph_child_address \
+             -Wno-simple_bus_reg
+else
+DTC_FLAGS += -Wunique_unit_address_if_enabled
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(findstring 2,$(KBUILD_EXTRA_WARN)),)
+DTC_FLAGS += -Wnode_name_chars_strict \
+             -Wproperty_name_chars_strict \
+             -Wunique_unit_address
+endif
+
+DTC_FLAGS += $(DTC_FLAGS_$(target-stem))
+
+# Set -@ if the target is a base DTB that overlay is applied onto
+DTC_FLAGS += $(if $(filter $(patsubst $(obj)/%,%,$@), $(base-dtb-y)), -@)
+
+DTC_INCLUDE := $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/include-prefixes
+
+dtc_cpp_flags = -Wp,-MMD,$(depfile).pre.tmp -nostdinc -I $(DTC_INCLUDE) -undef -D__DTS__
+
+dtc-tmp = $(subst $(comma),_,$(dot-target).dts.tmp)
+
+quiet_cmd_dtc = DTC $(quiet_dtb_check_tag) $@
+      cmd_dtc = \
+	$(HOSTCC) -E $(dtc_cpp_flags) -x assembler-with-cpp -o $(dtc-tmp) $< ; \
+	$(DTC) -o $@ -b 0 $(addprefix -i,$(dir $<) $(DTC_INCLUDE)) \
+	       $(DTC_FLAGS) -d $(depfile).dtc.tmp $(dtc-tmp) ; \
+	cat $(depfile).pre.tmp $(depfile).dtc.tmp > $(depfile) \
+	$(cmd_dtb_check)
+
+$(obj)/%.dtb: $(obj)/%.dts $(DTC) $(DT_TMP_SCHEMA) FORCE
+	$(call if_changed_dep,dtc)
+
+$(obj)/%.dtbo: $(src)/%.dtso $(DTC) FORCE
+	$(call if_changed_dep,dtc)
+
+# targets
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+targets += $(always-y)
+
+# %.dtb.o <- %.dtb.S <- %.dtb <- %.dts
+# %.dtbo.o <- %.dtbo.S <- %.dtbo <- %.dtso
+targets += $(call intermediate_targets, .dtb.o, .dtb.S .dtb) \
+           $(call intermediate_targets, .dtbo.o, .dtbo.S .dtbo)
diff --git a/scripts/Makefile.host b/scripts/Makefile.host
index e85be7721a48..e01c13a588dd 100644
--- a/scripts/Makefile.host
+++ b/scripts/Makefile.host
@@ -160,3 +160,8 @@ $(host-rust): $(obj)/%: $(src)/%.rs FORCE
 
 targets += $(host-csingle) $(host-cmulti) $(host-cobjs) \
 	   $(host-cxxmulti) $(host-cxxobjs) $(host-rust)
+
+# %.lex.o <- %.lex.c <- %.l
+# %.tab.o <- %.tab.[ch] <- %.y
+targets += $(call intermediate_targets, .lex.o, .lex.c) \
+           $(call intermediate_targets, .tab.o, .tab.c .tab.h)
diff --git a/scripts/Makefile.lib b/scripts/Makefile.lib
index dae2089e7bc6..29bfd6ed3e3f 100644
--- a/scripts/Makefile.lib
+++ b/scripts/Makefile.lib
@@ -45,11 +45,6 @@ else
 obj-y		:= $(filter-out %/, $(obj-y))
 endif
 
-ifdef need-dtbslist
-dtb-y		+= $(addsuffix /dtbs-list, $(subdir-ym))
-always-y	+= dtbs-list
-endif
-
 # Expand $(foo-objs) $(foo-y) etc. by replacing their individuals
 suffix-search = $(strip $(foreach s, $3, $($(1:%$(strip $2)=%$s))))
 # List composite targets that are constructed by combining other targets
@@ -80,19 +75,6 @@ always-y += $(hostprogs-always-y) $(hostprogs-always-m)
 userprogs += $(userprogs-always-y) $(userprogs-always-m)
 always-y += $(userprogs-always-y) $(userprogs-always-m)
 
-# DTB
-# If CONFIG_OF_ALL_DTBS is enabled, all DT blobs are built
-dtb-$(CONFIG_OF_ALL_DTBS)       += $(dtb-)
-
-# Composite DTB (i.e. DTB constructed by overlay)
-multi-dtb-y := $(call multi-search, $(dtb-y), .dtb, -dtbs)
-# Primitive DTB compiled from *.dts
-real-dtb-y := $(call real-search, $(dtb-y), .dtb, -dtbs)
-# Base DTB that overlay is applied onto
-base-dtb-y := $(filter %.dtb, $(call real-search, $(multi-dtb-y), .dtb, -dtbs))
-
-always-y			+= $(dtb-y)
-
 # Add subdir path
 
 ifneq ($(obj),.)
@@ -104,9 +86,6 @@ lib-y		:= $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(lib-y))
 real-obj-y	:= $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(real-obj-y))
 real-obj-m	:= $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(real-obj-m))
 multi-obj-m	:= $(addprefix $(obj)/, $(multi-obj-m))
-dtb-y		:= $(addprefix $(obj)/, $(dtb-y))
-multi-dtb-y	:= $(addprefix $(obj)/, $(multi-dtb-y))
-real-dtb-y	:= $(addprefix $(obj)/, $(real-dtb-y))
 subdir-ym	:= $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(subdir-ym))
 endif
 
@@ -238,7 +217,7 @@ modkern_rustflags =                                              \
 
 modkern_aflags = $(if $(part-of-module),				\
 			$(KBUILD_AFLAGS_MODULE) $(AFLAGS_MODULE),	\
-			$(KBUILD_AFLAGS_KERNEL) $(AFLAGS_KERNEL))
+			$(KBUILD_AFLAGS_KERNEL) $(AFLAGS_KERNEL) $(modfile_flags))
 
 c_flags        = -Wp,-MMD,$(depfile) $(NOSTDINC_FLAGS) $(LINUXINCLUDE)     \
 		 -include $(srctree)/include/linux/compiler_types.h       \
@@ -248,19 +227,13 @@ c_flags        = -Wp,-MMD,$(depfile) $(NOSTDINC_FLAGS) $(LINUXINCLUDE)     \
 rust_flags     = $(_rust_flags) $(modkern_rustflags) @$(objtree)/include/generated/rustc_cfg
 
 a_flags        = -Wp,-MMD,$(depfile) $(NOSTDINC_FLAGS) $(LINUXINCLUDE)     \
-		 $(_a_flags) $(modkern_aflags)
+		 $(_a_flags) $(modkern_aflags) $(modname_flags)
 
 cpp_flags      = -Wp,-MMD,$(depfile) $(NOSTDINC_FLAGS) $(LINUXINCLUDE)     \
 		 $(_cpp_flags)
 
 ld_flags       = $(KBUILD_LDFLAGS) $(ldflags-y) $(LDFLAGS_$(@F))
 
-DTC_INCLUDE    := $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/include-prefixes
-
-dtc_cpp_flags  = -Wp,-MMD,$(depfile).pre.tmp -nostdinc                    \
-		 $(addprefix -I,$(DTC_INCLUDE))                          \
-		 -undef -D__DTS__
-
 ifdef CONFIG_OBJTOOL
 
 objtool := $(objtree)/tools/objtool/objtool
@@ -350,94 +323,6 @@ cmd_objcopy = $(OBJCOPY) $(OBJCOPYFLAGS) $(OBJCOPYFLAGS_$(@F)) $< $@
 quiet_cmd_gzip = GZIP    $@
       cmd_gzip = cat $(real-prereqs) | $(KGZIP) -n -f -9 > $@
 
-# DTC
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-DTC ?= $(objtree)/scripts/dtc/dtc
-DTC_FLAGS += \
-	-Wno-unique_unit_address
-
-# Disable noisy checks by default
-ifeq ($(findstring 1,$(KBUILD_EXTRA_WARN)),)
-DTC_FLAGS += -Wno-unit_address_vs_reg \
-	-Wno-avoid_unnecessary_addr_size \
-	-Wno-alias_paths \
-	-Wno-graph_child_address \
-	-Wno-simple_bus_reg
-else
-DTC_FLAGS += \
-        -Wunique_unit_address_if_enabled
-endif
-
-ifneq ($(findstring 2,$(KBUILD_EXTRA_WARN)),)
-DTC_FLAGS += -Wnode_name_chars_strict \
-	-Wproperty_name_chars_strict \
-	-Wunique_unit_address
-endif
-
-DTC_FLAGS += $(DTC_FLAGS_$(target-stem))
-
-# Set -@ if the target is a base DTB that overlay is applied onto
-DTC_FLAGS += $(if $(filter $(patsubst $(obj)/%,%,$@), $(base-dtb-y)), -@)
-
-# Generate an assembly file to wrap the output of the device tree compiler
-quiet_cmd_wrap_S_dtb = WRAP    $@
-      cmd_wrap_S_dtb = {								\
-		symbase=__$(patsubst .%,%,$(suffix $<))_$(subst -,_,$(notdir $*));	\
-		echo '\#include <asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h>';				\
-		echo '.section .dtb.init.rodata,"a"';					\
-		echo '.balign STRUCT_ALIGNMENT';					\
-		echo ".global $${symbase}_begin";					\
-		echo "$${symbase}_begin:";						\
-		echo '.incbin "$<" ';							\
-		echo ".global $${symbase}_end";						\
-		echo "$${symbase}_end:";						\
-		echo '.balign STRUCT_ALIGNMENT';					\
-	} > $@
-
-$(obj)/%.dtb.S: $(obj)/%.dtb FORCE
-	$(call if_changed,wrap_S_dtb)
-
-$(obj)/%.dtbo.S: $(obj)/%.dtbo FORCE
-	$(call if_changed,wrap_S_dtb)
-
-quiet_dtb_check_tag = $(if $(dtb-check-enabled),[C],   )
-cmd_dtb_check = $(if $(dtb-check-enabled),; $(DT_CHECKER) $(DT_CHECKER_FLAGS) -u $(srctree)/$(DT_BINDING_DIR) -p $(DT_TMP_SCHEMA) $@ || true)
-
-quiet_cmd_dtc = DTC $(quiet_dtb_check_tag) $@
-cmd_dtc = $(HOSTCC) -E $(dtc_cpp_flags) -x assembler-with-cpp -o $(dtc-tmp) $< ; \
-	$(DTC) -o $@ -b 0 \
-		$(addprefix -i,$(dir $<) $(DTC_INCLUDE)) $(DTC_FLAGS) \
-		-d $(depfile).dtc.tmp $(dtc-tmp) ; \
-	cat $(depfile).pre.tmp $(depfile).dtc.tmp > $(depfile) \
-	$(cmd_dtb_check)
-
-# NOTE:
-# Do not replace $(filter %.dtb %.dtbo, $^) with $(real-prereqs). When a single
-# DTB is turned into a multi-blob DTB, $^ will contain header file dependencies
-# recorded in the .*.cmd file.
-quiet_cmd_fdtoverlay = OVL $(quiet_dtb_check_tag) $@
-      cmd_fdtoverlay = $(objtree)/scripts/dtc/fdtoverlay -o $@ -i $(filter %.dtb %.dtbo, $^) $(cmd_dtb_check)
-
-$(multi-dtb-y): FORCE
-	$(call if_changed,fdtoverlay)
-$(call multi_depend, $(multi-dtb-y), .dtb, -dtbs)
-
-ifneq ($(CHECK_DTBS),)
-DT_CHECKER ?= dt-validate
-DT_CHECKER_FLAGS ?= $(if $(DT_SCHEMA_FILES),-l $(DT_SCHEMA_FILES),-m)
-DT_BINDING_DIR := Documentation/devicetree/bindings
-DT_TMP_SCHEMA := $(objtree)/$(DT_BINDING_DIR)/processed-schema.json
-dtb-check-enabled = $(if $(filter %.dtb, $@),y)
-endif
-
-$(obj)/%.dtb: $(obj)/%.dts $(DTC) $(DT_TMP_SCHEMA) FORCE
-	$(call if_changed_dep,dtc)
-
-$(obj)/%.dtbo: $(src)/%.dtso $(DTC) FORCE
-	$(call if_changed_dep,dtc)
-
-dtc-tmp = $(subst $(comma),_,$(dot-target).dts.tmp)
-
 # Bzip2
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/scripts/Makefile.modfinal b/scripts/Makefile.modfinal
index 306a6bb86e4d..1482884ec3ca 100644
--- a/scripts/Makefile.modfinal
+++ b/scripts/Makefile.modfinal
@@ -30,8 +30,11 @@ quiet_cmd_cc_o_c = CC [M]  $@
 %.mod.o: %.mod.c FORCE
 	$(call if_changed_dep,cc_o_c)
 
+$(extmod_prefix).module-common.o: $(srctree)/scripts/module-common.c FORCE
+	$(call if_changed_dep,cc_o_c)
+
 quiet_cmd_ld_ko_o = LD [M]  $@
-      cmd_ld_ko_o +=							\
+      cmd_ld_ko_o =							\
 	$(LD) -r $(KBUILD_LDFLAGS)					\
 		$(KBUILD_LDFLAGS_MODULE) $(LDFLAGS_MODULE)		\
 		-T scripts/module.lds -o $@ $(filter %.o, $^)
@@ -54,13 +57,13 @@ if_changed_except = $(if $(call newer_prereqs_except,$(2))$(cmd-check),      \
 	printf '%s\n' 'savedcmd_$@ := $(make-cmd)' > $(dot-target).cmd, @:)
 
 # Re-generate module BTFs if either module's .ko or vmlinux changed
-%.ko: %.o %.mod.o scripts/module.lds $(and $(CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF_MODULES),$(KBUILD_BUILTIN),vmlinux) FORCE
+%.ko: %.o %.mod.o $(extmod_prefix).module-common.o scripts/module.lds $(and $(CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF_MODULES),$(KBUILD_BUILTIN),vmlinux) FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed_except,ld_ko_o,vmlinux)
 ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF_MODULES
 	+$(if $(newer-prereqs),$(call cmd,btf_ko))
 endif
 
-targets += $(modules:%.o=%.ko) $(modules:%.o=%.mod.o)
+targets += $(modules:%.o=%.ko) $(modules:%.o=%.mod.o) $(extmod_prefix).module-common.o
 
 # Add FORCE to the prerequisites of a target to force it to be always rebuilt.
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/scripts/Makefile.modinst b/scripts/Makefile.modinst
index 0afd75472679..4d81ed9af294 100644
--- a/scripts/Makefile.modinst
+++ b/scripts/Makefile.modinst
@@ -30,10 +30,12 @@ $(MODLIB)/modules.order: modules.order FORCE
 quiet_cmd_install_modorder = INSTALL $@
       cmd_install_modorder = sed 's:^\(.*\)\.o$$:kernel/\1.ko:' $< > $@
 
-# Install modules.builtin(.modinfo) even when CONFIG_MODULES is disabled.
+# Install modules.builtin(.modinfo,.ranges) even when CONFIG_MODULES is disabled.
 install-y += $(addprefix $(MODLIB)/, modules.builtin modules.builtin.modinfo)
 
-$(addprefix $(MODLIB)/, modules.builtin modules.builtin.modinfo): $(MODLIB)/%: % FORCE
+install-$(CONFIG_BUILTIN_MODULE_RANGES) += $(MODLIB)/modules.builtin.ranges
+
+$(addprefix $(MODLIB)/, modules.builtin modules.builtin.modinfo modules.builtin.ranges): $(MODLIB)/%: % FORCE
 	$(call cmd,install)
 
 endif
@@ -146,7 +148,7 @@ quiet_cmd_gzip = GZIP    $@
 quiet_cmd_xz = XZ      $@
       cmd_xz = $(XZ) --check=crc32 --lzma2=dict=1MiB -f $<
 quiet_cmd_zstd = ZSTD    $@
-      cmd_zstd = $(ZSTD) -T0 --rm -f -q $<
+      cmd_zstd = $(ZSTD) --rm -f -q $<
 
 $(dst)/%.ko.gz: $(dst)/%.ko FORCE
 	$(call cmd,gzip)
diff --git a/scripts/Makefile.package b/scripts/Makefile.package
index 4a80584ec771..11d53f240a2b 100644
--- a/scripts/Makefile.package
+++ b/scripts/Makefile.package
@@ -147,8 +147,7 @@ snap-pkg:
 PHONY += pacman-pkg
 pacman-pkg:
 	@ln -srf $(srctree)/scripts/package/PKGBUILD $(objtree)/PKGBUILD
-	+objtree="$(realpath $(objtree))" \
-		BUILDDIR="$(realpath $(objtree))/pacman" \
+	+BUILDDIR="$(realpath $(objtree))/pacman" \
 		CARCH="$(UTS_MACHINE)" \
 		KBUILD_MAKEFLAGS="$(MAKEFLAGS)" \
 		KBUILD_REVISION="$(shell $(srctree)/scripts/build-version)" \
diff --git a/scripts/Makefile.vmlinux b/scripts/Makefile.vmlinux
index 5ceecbed31eb..1284f05555b9 100644
--- a/scripts/Makefile.vmlinux
+++ b/scripts/Makefile.vmlinux
@@ -33,6 +33,24 @@ targets += vmlinux
 vmlinux: scripts/link-vmlinux.sh vmlinux.o $(KBUILD_LDS) FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed_dep,link_vmlinux)
 
+# module.builtin.ranges
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifdef CONFIG_BUILTIN_MODULE_RANGES
+__default: modules.builtin.ranges
+
+quiet_cmd_modules_builtin_ranges = GEN     $@
+      cmd_modules_builtin_ranges = gawk -f $(real-prereqs) > $@
+
+targets += modules.builtin.ranges
+modules.builtin.ranges: $(srctree)/scripts/generate_builtin_ranges.awk \
+			modules.builtin vmlinux.map vmlinux.o.map FORCE
+	$(call if_changed,modules_builtin_ranges)
+
+vmlinux.map: vmlinux
+	@:
+
+endif
+
 # Add FORCE to the prerequisites of a target to force it to be always rebuilt.
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/scripts/Makefile.vmlinux_o b/scripts/Makefile.vmlinux_o
index d64070b6b4bc..0b6e2ebf60dc 100644
--- a/scripts/Makefile.vmlinux_o
+++ b/scripts/Makefile.vmlinux_o
@@ -45,9 +45,12 @@ objtool-args = $(vmlinux-objtool-args-y) --link
 # Link of vmlinux.o used for section mismatch analysis
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+vmlinux-o-ld-args-$(CONFIG_BUILTIN_MODULE_RANGES)	+= -Map=$@.map
+
 quiet_cmd_ld_vmlinux.o = LD      $@
       cmd_ld_vmlinux.o = \
 	$(LD) ${KBUILD_LDFLAGS} -r -o $@ \
+	$(vmlinux-o-ld-args-y) \
 	$(addprefix -T , $(initcalls-lds)) \
 	--whole-archive vmlinux.a --no-whole-archive \
 	--start-group $(KBUILD_VMLINUX_LIBS) --end-group \
diff --git a/scripts/basic/fixdep.c b/scripts/basic/fixdep.c
index 84b6efa849f4..cdd5da7e009b 100644
--- a/scripts/basic/fixdep.c
+++ b/scripts/basic/fixdep.c
@@ -99,6 +99,8 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
 
+#include <xalloc.h>
+
 static void usage(void)
 {
 	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: fixdep <depfile> <target> <cmdline>\n");
@@ -131,12 +133,9 @@ static unsigned int strhash(const char *str, unsigned int sz)
 static void add_to_hashtable(const char *name, int len, unsigned int hash,
 			     struct item *hashtab[])
 {
-	struct item *aux = malloc(sizeof(*aux) + len);
+	struct item *aux;
 
-	if (!aux) {
-		perror("fixdep:malloc");
-		exit(1);
-	}
+	aux = xmalloc(sizeof(*aux) + len);
 	memcpy(aux->name, name, len);
 	aux->len = len;
 	aux->hash = hash;
@@ -228,11 +227,7 @@ static void *read_file(const char *filename)
 		perror(filename);
 		exit(2);
 	}
-	buf = malloc(st.st_size + 1);
-	if (!buf) {
-		perror("fixdep: malloc");
-		exit(2);
-	}
+	buf = xmalloc(st.st_size + 1);
 	if (read(fd, buf, st.st_size) != st.st_size) {
 		perror("fixdep: read");
 		exit(2);
diff --git a/scripts/generate_builtin_ranges.awk b/scripts/generate_builtin_ranges.awk
new file mode 100755
index 000000000000..b9ec761b3bef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/generate_builtin_ranges.awk
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+#!/usr/bin/gawk -f
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+# generate_builtin_ranges.awk: Generate address range data for builtin modules
+# Written by Kris Van Hees <kris.van.hees@oracle.com>
+#
+# Usage: generate_builtin_ranges.awk modules.builtin vmlinux.map \
+#		vmlinux.o.map > modules.builtin.ranges
+#
+
+# Return the module name(s) (if any) associated with the given object.
+#
+# If we have seen this object before, return information from the cache.
+# Otherwise, retrieve it from the corresponding .cmd file.
+#
+function get_module_info(fn, mod, obj, s) {
+	if (fn in omod)
+		return omod[fn];
+
+	if (match(fn, /\/[^/]+$/) == 0)
+		return "";
+
+	obj = fn;
+	mod = "";
+	fn = substr(fn, 1, RSTART) "." substr(fn, RSTART + 1) ".cmd";
+	if (getline s <fn == 1) {
+		if (match(s, /DKBUILD_MODFILE=['"]+[^'"]+/) > 0) {
+			mod = substr(s, RSTART + 16, RLENGTH - 16);
+			gsub(/['"]/, "", mod);
+		} else if (match(s, /RUST_MODFILE=[^ ]+/) > 0)
+			mod = substr(s, RSTART + 13, RLENGTH - 13);
+	}
+	close(fn);
+
+	# A single module (common case) also reflects objects that are not part
+	# of a module.  Some of those objects have names that are also a module
+	# name (e.g. core).  We check the associated module file name, and if
+	# they do not match, the object is not part of a module.
+	if (mod !~ / /) {
+		if (!(mod in mods))
+			mod = "";
+	}
+
+	gsub(/([^/ ]*\/)+/, "", mod);
+	gsub(/-/, "_", mod);
+
+	# At this point, mod is a single (valid) module name, or a list of
+	# module names (that do not need validation).
+	omod[obj] = mod;
+
+	return mod;
+}
+
+# Update the ranges entry for the given module 'mod' in section 'osect'.
+#
+# We use a modified absolute start address (soff + base) as index because we
+# may need to insert an anchor record later that must be at the start of the
+# section data, and the first module may very well start at the same address.
+# So, we use (addr << 1) + 1 to allow a possible anchor record to be placed at
+# (addr << 1).  This is safe because the index is only used to sort the entries
+# before writing them out.
+#
+function update_entry(osect, mod, soff, eoff, sect, idx) {
+	sect = sect_in[osect];
+	idx = sprintf("%016x", (soff + sect_base[osect]) * 2 + 1);
+	entries[idx] = sprintf("%s %08x-%08x %s", sect, soff, eoff, mod);
+	count[sect]++;
+}
+
+# (1) Build a lookup map of built-in module names.
+#
+# The first file argument is used as input (modules.builtin).
+#
+# Lines will be like:
+#	kernel/crypto/lzo-rle.ko
+# and we record the object name "crypto/lzo-rle".
+#
+ARGIND == 1 {
+	sub(/kernel\//, "");			# strip off "kernel/" prefix
+	sub(/\.ko$/, "");			# strip off .ko suffix
+
+	mods[$1] = 1;
+	next;
+}
+
+# (2) Collect address information for each section.
+#
+# The second file argument is used as input (vmlinux.map).
+#
+# We collect the base address of the section in order to convert all addresses
+# in the section into offset values.
+#
+# We collect the address of the anchor (or first symbol in the section if there
+# is no explicit anchor) to allow users of the range data to calculate address
+# ranges based on the actual load address of the section in the running kernel.
+#
+# We collect the start address of any sub-section (section included in the top
+# level section being processed).  This is needed when the final linking was
+# done using vmlinux.a because then the list of objects contained in each
+# section is to be obtained from vmlinux.o.map.  The offset of the sub-section
+# is recorded here, to be used as an addend when processing vmlinux.o.map
+# later.
+#
+
+# Both GNU ld and LLVM lld linker map format are supported by converting LLVM
+# lld linker map records into equivalent GNU ld linker map records.
+#
+# The first record of the vmlinux.map file provides enough information to know
+# which format we are dealing with.
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && FNR == 1 && NF == 7 && $1 == "VMA" && $7 == "Symbol" {
+	map_is_lld = 1;
+	if (dbg)
+		printf "NOTE: %s uses LLVM lld linker map format\n", FILENAME >"/dev/stderr";
+	next;
+}
+
+# (LLD) Convert a section record fronm lld format to ld format.
+#
+# lld: ffffffff82c00000          2c00000   2493c0  8192 .data
+#  ->
+# ld:  .data           0xffffffff82c00000   0x2493c0 load address 0x0000000002c00000
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && map_is_lld && NF == 5 && /[0-9] [^ ]+$/ {
+	$0 = $5 " 0x"$1 " 0x"$3 " load address 0x"$2;
+}
+
+# (LLD) Convert an anchor record from lld format to ld format.
+#
+# lld: ffffffff81000000          1000000        0     1         _text = .
+#  ->
+# ld:                  0xffffffff81000000                _text = .
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && map_is_lld && !anchor && NF == 7 && raw_addr == "0x"$1 && $6 == "=" && $7 == "." {
+	$0 = "  0x"$1 " " $5 " = .";
+}
+
+# (LLD) Convert an object record from lld format to ld format.
+#
+# lld:            11480            11480     1f07    16         vmlinux.a(arch/x86/events/amd/uncore.o):(.text)
+#  ->
+# ld:   .text          0x0000000000011480     0x1f07 arch/x86/events/amd/uncore.o
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && map_is_lld && NF == 5 && $5 ~ /:\(/ {
+	gsub(/\)/, "");
+	sub(/ vmlinux\.a\(/, " ");
+	sub(/:\(/, " ");
+	$0 = " "$6 " 0x"$1 " 0x"$3 " " $5;
+}
+
+# (LLD) Convert a symbol record from lld format to ld format.
+#
+# We only care about these while processing a section for which no anchor has
+# been determined yet.
+#
+# lld: ffffffff82a859a4          2a859a4        0     1                 btf_ksym_iter_id
+#  ->
+# ld:                  0xffffffff82a859a4                btf_ksym_iter_id
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && map_is_lld && sect && !anchor && NF == 5 && $5 ~ /^[_A-Za-z][_A-Za-z0-9]*$/ {
+	$0 = "  0x"$1 " " $5;
+}
+
+# (LLD) We do not need any other ldd linker map records.
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && map_is_lld && /^[0-9a-f]{16} / {
+	next;
+}
+
+# (LD) Section records with just the section name at the start of the line
+#      need to have the next line pulled in to determine whether it is a
+#      loadable section.  If it is, the next line will contains a hex value
+#      as first and second items.
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && !map_is_lld && NF == 1 && /^[^ ]/ {
+	s = $0;
+	getline;
+	if ($1 !~ /^0x/ || $2 !~ /^0x/)
+		next;
+
+	$0 = s " " $0;
+}
+
+# (LD) Object records with just the section name denote records with a long
+#      section name for which the remainder of the record can be found on the
+#      next line.
+#
+# (This is also needed for vmlinux.o.map, when used.)
+#
+ARGIND >= 2 && !map_is_lld && NF == 1 && /^ [^ \*]/ {
+	s = $0;
+	getline;
+	$0 = s " " $0;
+}
+
+# Beginning a new section - done with the previous one (if any).
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && /^[^ ]/ {
+	sect = 0;
+}
+
+# Process a loadable section (we only care about .-sections).
+#
+# Record the section name and its base address.
+# We also record the raw (non-stripped) address of the section because it can
+# be used to identify an anchor record.
+#
+# Note:
+# Since some AWK implementations cannot handle large integers, we strip off the
+# first 4 hex digits from the address.  This is safe because the kernel space
+# is not large enough for addresses to extend into those digits.  The portion
+# to strip off is stored in addr_prefix as a regexp, so further clauses can
+# perform a simple substitution to do the address stripping.
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && /^\./ {
+	# Explicitly ignore a few sections that are not relevant here.
+	if ($1 ~ /^\.orc_/ || $1 ~ /_sites$/ || $1 ~ /\.percpu/)
+		next;
+
+	# Sections with a 0-address can be ignored as well.
+	if ($2 ~ /^0x0+$/)
+		next;
+
+	raw_addr = $2;
+	addr_prefix = "^" substr($2, 1, 6);
+	base = $2;
+	sub(addr_prefix, "0x", base);
+	base = strtonum(base);
+	sect = $1;
+	anchor = 0;
+	sect_base[sect] = base;
+	sect_size[sect] = strtonum($3);
+
+	if (dbg)
+		printf "[%s] BASE   %016x\n", sect, base >"/dev/stderr";
+
+	next;
+}
+
+# If we are not in a section we care about, we ignore the record.
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && !sect {
+	next;
+}
+
+# Record the first anchor symbol for the current section.
+#
+# An anchor record for the section bears the same raw address as the section
+# record.
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && !anchor && NF == 4 && raw_addr == $1 && $3 == "=" && $4 == "." {
+	anchor = sprintf("%s %08x-%08x = %s", sect, 0, 0, $2);
+	sect_anchor[sect] = anchor;
+
+	if (dbg)
+		printf "[%s] ANCHOR %016x = %s (.)\n", sect, 0, $2 >"/dev/stderr";
+
+	next;
+}
+
+# If no anchor record was found for the current section, use the first symbol
+# in the section as anchor.
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && !anchor && NF == 2 && $1 ~ /^0x/ && $2 !~ /^0x/ {
+	addr = $1;
+	sub(addr_prefix, "0x", addr);
+	addr = strtonum(addr) - base;
+	anchor = sprintf("%s %08x-%08x = %s", sect, addr, addr, $2);
+	sect_anchor[sect] = anchor;
+
+	if (dbg)
+		printf "[%s] ANCHOR %016x = %s\n", sect, addr, $2 >"/dev/stderr";
+
+	next;
+}
+
+# The first occurrence of a section name in an object record establishes the
+# addend (often 0) for that section.  This information is needed to handle
+# sections that get combined in the final linking of vmlinux (e.g. .head.text
+# getting included at the start of .text).
+#
+# If the section does not have a base yet, use the base of the encapsulating
+# section.
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && sect && NF == 4 && /^ [^ \*]/ && !($1 in sect_addend) {
+	if (!($1 in sect_base)) {
+		sect_base[$1] = base;
+
+		if (dbg)
+			printf "[%s] BASE   %016x\n", $1, base >"/dev/stderr";
+	}
+
+	addr = $2;
+	sub(addr_prefix, "0x", addr);
+	addr = strtonum(addr);
+	sect_addend[$1] = addr - sect_base[$1];
+	sect_in[$1] = sect;
+
+	if (dbg)
+		printf "[%s] ADDEND %016x - %016x = %016x\n",  $1, addr, base, sect_addend[$1] >"/dev/stderr";
+
+	# If the object is vmlinux.o then we will need vmlinux.o.map to get the
+	# actual offsets of objects.
+	if ($4 == "vmlinux.o")
+		need_o_map = 1;
+}
+
+# (3) Collect offset ranges (relative to the section base address) for built-in
+# modules.
+#
+# If the final link was done using the actual objects, vmlinux.map contains all
+# the information we need (see section (3a)).
+# If linking was done using vmlinux.a as intermediary, we will need to process
+# vmlinux.o.map (see section (3b)).
+
+# (3a) Determine offset range info using vmlinux.map.
+#
+# Since we are already processing vmlinux.map, the top level section that is
+# being processed is already known.  If we do not have a base address for it,
+# we do not need to process records for it.
+#
+# Given the object name, we determine the module(s) (if any) that the current
+# object is associated with.
+#
+# If we were already processing objects for a (list of) module(s):
+#  - If the current object belongs to the same module(s), update the range data
+#    to include the current object.
+#  - Otherwise, ensure that the end offset of the range is valid.
+#
+# If the current object does not belong to a built-in module, ignore it.
+#
+# If it does, we add a new built-in module offset range record.
+#
+ARGIND == 2 && !need_o_map && /^ [^ ]/ && NF == 4 && $3 != "0x0" {
+	if (!(sect in sect_base))
+		next;
+
+	# Turn the address into an offset from the section base.
+	soff = $2;
+	sub(addr_prefix, "0x", soff);
+	soff = strtonum(soff) - sect_base[sect];
+	eoff = soff + strtonum($3);
+
+	# Determine which (if any) built-in modules the object belongs to.
+	mod = get_module_info($4);
+
+	# If we are processing a built-in module:
+	#   - If the current object is within the same module, we update its
+	#     entry by extending the range and move on
+	#   - Otherwise:
+	#       + If we are still processing within the same main section, we
+	#         validate the end offset against the start offset of the
+	#         current object (e.g. .rodata.str1.[18] objects are often
+	#         listed with an incorrect size in the linker map)
+	#       + Otherwise, we validate the end offset against the section
+	#         size
+	if (mod_name) {
+		if (mod == mod_name) {
+			mod_eoff = eoff;
+			update_entry(mod_sect, mod_name, mod_soff, eoff);
+
+			next;
+		} else if (sect == sect_in[mod_sect]) {
+			if (mod_eoff > soff)
+				update_entry(mod_sect, mod_name, mod_soff, soff);
+		} else {
+			v = sect_size[sect_in[mod_sect]];
+			if (mod_eoff > v)
+				update_entry(mod_sect, mod_name, mod_soff, v);
+		}
+	}
+
+	mod_name = mod;
+
+	# If we encountered an object that is not part of a built-in module, we
+	# do not need to record any data.
+	if (!mod)
+		next;
+
+	# At this point, we encountered the start of a new built-in module.
+	mod_name = mod;
+	mod_soff = soff;
+	mod_eoff = eoff;
+	mod_sect = $1;
+	update_entry($1, mod, soff, mod_eoff);
+
+	next;
+}
+
+# If we do not need to parse the vmlinux.o.map file, we are done.
+#
+ARGIND == 3 && !need_o_map {
+	if (dbg)
+		printf "Note: %s is not needed.\n", FILENAME >"/dev/stderr";
+	exit;
+}
+
+# (3) Collect offset ranges (relative to the section base address) for built-in
+# modules.
+#
+
+# (LLD) Convert an object record from lld format to ld format.
+#
+ARGIND == 3 && map_is_lld && NF == 5 && $5 ~ /:\(/ {
+	gsub(/\)/, "");
+	sub(/:\(/, " ");
+
+	sect = $6;
+	if (!(sect in sect_addend))
+		next;
+
+	sub(/ vmlinux\.a\(/, " ");
+	$0 = " "sect " 0x"$1 " 0x"$3 " " $5;
+}
+
+# (3b) Determine offset range info using vmlinux.o.map.
+#
+# If we do not know an addend for the object's section, we are interested in
+# anything within that section.
+#
+# Determine the top-level section that the object's section was included in
+# during the final link.  This is the section name offset range data will be
+# associated with for this object.
+#
+# The remainder of the processing of the current object record follows the
+# procedure outlined in (3a).
+#
+ARGIND == 3 && /^ [^ ]/ && NF == 4 && $3 != "0x0" {
+	osect = $1;
+	if (!(osect in sect_addend))
+		next;
+
+	# We need to work with the main section.
+	sect = sect_in[osect];
+
+	# Turn the address into an offset from the section base.
+	soff = $2;
+	sub(addr_prefix, "0x", soff);
+	soff = strtonum(soff) + sect_addend[osect];
+	eoff = soff + strtonum($3);
+
+	# Determine which (if any) built-in modules the object belongs to.
+	mod = get_module_info($4);
+
+	# If we are processing a built-in module:
+	#   - If the current object is within the same module, we update its
+	#     entry by extending the range and move on
+	#   - Otherwise:
+	#       + If we are still processing within the same main section, we
+	#         validate the end offset against the start offset of the
+	#         current object (e.g. .rodata.str1.[18] objects are often
+	#         listed with an incorrect size in the linker map)
+	#       + Otherwise, we validate the end offset against the section
+	#         size
+	if (mod_name) {
+		if (mod == mod_name) {
+			mod_eoff = eoff;
+			update_entry(mod_sect, mod_name, mod_soff, eoff);
+
+			next;
+		} else if (sect == sect_in[mod_sect]) {
+			if (mod_eoff > soff)
+				update_entry(mod_sect, mod_name, mod_soff, soff);
+		} else {
+			v = sect_size[sect_in[mod_sect]];
+			if (mod_eoff > v)
+				update_entry(mod_sect, mod_name, mod_soff, v);
+		}
+	}
+
+	mod_name = mod;
+
+	# If we encountered an object that is not part of a built-in module, we
+	# do not need to record any data.
+	if (!mod)
+		next;
+
+	# At this point, we encountered the start of a new built-in module.
+	mod_name = mod;
+	mod_soff = soff;
+	mod_eoff = eoff;
+	mod_sect = osect;
+	update_entry(osect, mod, soff, mod_eoff);
+
+	next;
+}
+
+# (4) Generate the output.
+#
+# Anchor records are added for each section that contains offset range data
+# records.  They are added at an adjusted section base address (base << 1) to
+# ensure they come first in the second records (see update_entry() above for
+# more information).
+#
+# All entries are sorted by (adjusted) address to ensure that the output can be
+# parsed in strict ascending address order.
+#
+END {
+	for (sect in count) {
+		if (sect in sect_anchor) {
+			idx = sprintf("%016x", sect_base[sect] * 2);
+			entries[idx] = sect_anchor[sect];
+		}
+	}
+
+	n = asorti(entries, indices);
+	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
+		print entries[indices[i]];
+}
diff --git a/scripts/include/hash.h b/scripts/include/hash.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..efa904368a62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/include/hash.h
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
+#ifndef HASH_H
+#define HASH_H
+
+static inline unsigned int hash_str(const char *s)
+{
+	/* fnv32 hash */
+	unsigned int hash = 2166136261U;
+
+	for (; *s; s++)
+		hash = (hash ^ *s) * 0x01000193;
+	return hash;
+}
+
+/* simplified version of functions from include/linux/hash.h */
+#define GOLDEN_RATIO_32 0x61C88647
+
+static inline unsigned int hash_32(unsigned int val)
+{
+	return 0x61C88647 * val;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int hash_ptr(const void *ptr)
+{
+	return hash_32((unsigned int)(unsigned long)ptr);
+}
+
+#endif /* HASH_H */
diff --git a/scripts/include/hashtable.h b/scripts/include/hashtable.h
index a0a2c8f5f639..45abcb12bfce 100644
--- a/scripts/include/hashtable.h
+++ b/scripts/include/hashtable.h
@@ -15,6 +15,23 @@
 
 #define hash_head(table, key)		(&(table)[(key) % HASH_SIZE(table)])
 
+static inline void __hash_init(struct hlist_head *ht, unsigned int sz)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < sz; i++)
+		INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&ht[i]);
+}
+
+/**
+ * hash_init - initialize a hash table
+ * @table: hashtable to be initialized
+ *
+ * This has to be a macro since HASH_SIZE() will not work on pointers since
+ * it calculates the size during preprocessing.
+ */
+#define hash_init(table) __hash_init(table, HASH_SIZE(table))
+
 /**
  * hash_add - add an object to a hashtable
  * @table: hashtable to add to
@@ -25,6 +42,15 @@
 	hlist_add_head(node, hash_head(table, key))
 
 /**
+ * hash_del - remove an object from a hashtable
+ * @node: &struct hlist_node of the object to remove
+ */
+static inline void hash_del(struct hlist_node *node)
+{
+	hlist_del_init(node);
+}
+
+/**
  * hash_for_each - iterate over a hashtable
  * @table: hashtable to iterate
  * @obj: the type * to use as a loop cursor for each entry
@@ -35,6 +61,18 @@
 		hlist_for_each_entry(obj, &table[_bkt], member)
 
 /**
+ * hash_for_each_safe - iterate over a hashtable safe against removal of
+ * hash entry
+ * @table: hashtable to iterate
+ * @obj: the type * to use as a loop cursor for each entry
+ * @tmp: a &struct hlist_node used for temporary storage
+ * @member: the name of the hlist_node within the struct
+ */
+#define hash_for_each_safe(table, obj, tmp, member)			\
+	for (int _bkt = 0; _bkt < HASH_SIZE(table); _bkt++)		\
+		hlist_for_each_entry_safe(obj, tmp, &table[_bkt], member)
+
+/**
  * hash_for_each_possible - iterate over all possible objects hashing to the
  * same bucket
  * @table: hashtable to iterate
@@ -45,4 +83,16 @@
 #define hash_for_each_possible(table, obj, member, key)			\
 	hlist_for_each_entry(obj, hash_head(table, key), member)
 
+/**
+ * hash_for_each_possible_safe - iterate over all possible objects hashing to the
+ * same bucket safe against removals
+ * @table: hashtable to iterate
+ * @obj: the type * to use as a loop cursor for each entry
+ * @tmp: a &struct hlist_node used for temporary storage
+ * @member: the name of the hlist_node within the struct
+ * @key: the key of the objects to iterate over
+ */
+#define hash_for_each_possible_safe(table, obj, tmp, member, key)	\
+	hlist_for_each_entry_safe(obj, tmp, hash_head(table, key), member)
+
 #endif /* HASHTABLE_H */
diff --git a/scripts/include/list.h b/scripts/include/list.h
index 409201cd495b..fea1e2b79063 100644
--- a/scripts/include/list.h
+++ b/scripts/include/list.h
@@ -268,6 +268,63 @@ static inline int list_empty(const struct list_head *head)
  */
 
 #define HLIST_HEAD_INIT { .first = NULL }
+#define INIT_HLIST_HEAD(ptr) ((ptr)->first = NULL)
+static inline void INIT_HLIST_NODE(struct hlist_node *h)
+{
+	h->next = NULL;
+	h->pprev = NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hlist_unhashed - Has node been removed from list and reinitialized?
+ * @h: Node to be checked
+ *
+ * Not that not all removal functions will leave a node in unhashed
+ * state.  For example, hlist_nulls_del_init_rcu() does leave the
+ * node in unhashed state, but hlist_nulls_del() does not.
+ */
+static inline int hlist_unhashed(const struct hlist_node *h)
+{
+	return !h->pprev;
+}
+
+static inline void __hlist_del(struct hlist_node *n)
+{
+	struct hlist_node *next = n->next;
+	struct hlist_node **pprev = n->pprev;
+
+	*pprev = next;
+	if (next)
+		next->pprev = pprev;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hlist_del - Delete the specified hlist_node from its list
+ * @n: Node to delete.
+ *
+ * Note that this function leaves the node in hashed state.  Use
+ * hlist_del_init() or similar instead to unhash @n.
+ */
+static inline void hlist_del(struct hlist_node *n)
+{
+	__hlist_del(n);
+	n->next = LIST_POISON1;
+	n->pprev = LIST_POISON2;
+}
+
+/**
+ * hlist_del_init - Delete the specified hlist_node from its list and initialize
+ * @n: Node to delete.
+ *
+ * Note that this function leaves the node in unhashed state.
+ */
+static inline void hlist_del_init(struct hlist_node *n)
+{
+	if (!hlist_unhashed(n)) {
+		__hlist_del(n);
+		INIT_HLIST_NODE(n);
+	}
+}
 
 /**
  * hlist_add_head - add a new entry at the beginning of the hlist
@@ -306,4 +363,16 @@ static inline void hlist_add_head(struct hlist_node *n, struct hlist_head *h)
 	     pos;							\
 	     pos = hlist_entry_safe((pos)->member.next, typeof(*(pos)), member))
 
+/**
+ * hlist_for_each_entry_safe - iterate over list of given type safe against removal of list entry
+ * @pos:	the type * to use as a loop cursor.
+ * @n:		a &struct hlist_node to use as temporary storage
+ * @head:	the head for your list.
+ * @member:	the name of the hlist_node within the struct.
+ */
+#define hlist_for_each_entry_safe(pos, n, head, member) 		\
+	for (pos = hlist_entry_safe((head)->first, typeof(*pos), member);\
+	     pos && ({ n = pos->member.next; 1; });			\
+	     pos = hlist_entry_safe(n, typeof(*pos), member))
+
 #endif /* LIST_H */
diff --git a/scripts/include/xalloc.h b/scripts/include/xalloc.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..cdadb07d0592
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/include/xalloc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
+
+#ifndef XALLOC_H
+#define XALLOC_H
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+static inline void *xmalloc(size_t size)
+{
+	void *p = malloc(size);
+
+	if (!p)
+		exit(1);
+	return p;
+}
+
+static inline void *xcalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size)
+{
+	void *p = calloc(nmemb, size);
+
+	if (!p)
+		exit(1);
+	return p;
+}
+
+static inline void *xrealloc(void *p, size_t size)
+{
+	p = realloc(p, size);
+	if (!p)
+		exit(1);
+	return p;
+}
+
+static inline char *xstrdup(const char *s)
+{
+	char *p = strdup(s);
+
+	if (!p)
+		exit(1);
+	return p;
+}
+
+static inline char *xstrndup(const char *s, size_t n)
+{
+	char *p = strndup(s, n);
+
+	if (!p)
+		exit(1);
+	return p;
+}
+
+#endif /* XALLOC_H */
diff --git a/scripts/kallsyms.c b/scripts/kallsyms.c
index 123dab0572f8..03852da3d249 100644
--- a/scripts/kallsyms.c
+++ b/scripts/kallsyms.c
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 
+#include <xalloc.h>
+
 #define ARRAY_SIZE(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]))
 
 #define KSYM_NAME_LEN		512
@@ -168,12 +170,7 @@ static struct sym_entry *read_symbol(FILE *in, char **buf, size_t *buf_len)
 	 * compressed together */
 	len++;
 
-	sym = malloc(sizeof(*sym) + len + 1);
-	if (!sym) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "kallsyms failure: "
-			"unable to allocate required amount of memory\n");
-		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-	}
+	sym = xmalloc(sizeof(*sym) + len + 1);
 	sym->addr = addr;
 	sym->len = len;
 	sym->sym[0] = type;
@@ -278,12 +275,7 @@ static void read_map(const char *in)
 
 		if (table_cnt >= table_size) {
 			table_size += 10000;
-			table = realloc(table, sizeof(*table) * table_size);
-			if (!table) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "out of memory\n");
-				fclose(fp);
-				exit (1);
-			}
+			table = xrealloc(table, sizeof(*table) * table_size);
 		}
 
 		table[table_cnt++] = sym;
@@ -300,15 +292,6 @@ static void output_label(const char *label)
 	printf("%s:\n", label);
 }
 
-/* Provide proper symbols relocatability by their '_text' relativeness. */
-static void output_address(unsigned long long addr)
-{
-	if (_text <= addr)
-		printf("\tPTR\t_text + %#llx\n", addr - _text);
-	else
-		printf("\tPTR\t_text - %#llx\n", _text - addr);
-}
-
 /* uncompress a compressed symbol. When this function is called, the best table
  * might still be compressed itself, so the function needs to be recursive */
 static int expand_symbol(const unsigned char *data, int len, char *result)
@@ -391,12 +374,7 @@ static void write_src(void)
 	/* table of offset markers, that give the offset in the compressed stream
 	 * every 256 symbols */
 	markers_cnt = (table_cnt + 255) / 256;
-	markers = malloc(sizeof(*markers) * markers_cnt);
-	if (!markers) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "kallsyms failure: "
-			"unable to allocate required memory\n");
-		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-	}
+	markers = xmalloc(sizeof(*markers) * markers_cnt);
 
 	output_label("kallsyms_names");
 	off = 0;
@@ -477,17 +455,17 @@ static void write_src(void)
 		 */
 
 		long long offset;
-		int overflow;
+		bool overflow;
 
 		if (!absolute_percpu) {
 			offset = table[i]->addr - relative_base;
-			overflow = (offset < 0 || offset > UINT_MAX);
+			overflow = offset < 0 || offset > UINT_MAX;
 		} else if (symbol_absolute(table[i])) {
 			offset = table[i]->addr;
-			overflow = (offset < 0 || offset > INT_MAX);
+			overflow = offset < 0 || offset > INT_MAX;
 		} else {
 			offset = relative_base - table[i]->addr - 1;
-			overflow = (offset < INT_MIN || offset >= 0);
+			overflow = offset < INT_MIN || offset >= 0;
 		}
 		if (overflow) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "kallsyms failure: "
@@ -501,7 +479,11 @@ static void write_src(void)
 	printf("\n");
 
 	output_label("kallsyms_relative_base");
-	output_address(relative_base);
+	/* Provide proper symbols relocatability by their '_text' relativeness. */
+	if (_text <= relative_base)
+		printf("\tPTR\t_text + %#llx\n", relative_base - _text);
+	else
+		printf("\tPTR\t_text - %#llx\n", _text - relative_base);
 	printf("\n");
 
 	sort_symbols_by_name();
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/confdata.c b/scripts/kconfig/confdata.c
index 76193ce5a792..4286d5e7f95d 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/confdata.c
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/confdata.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "lkc.h"
 
@@ -395,6 +396,8 @@ load:
 		}
 	}
 
+	expr_invalidate_all();
+
 	while (getline_stripped(&line, &line_asize, in) != -1) {
 		struct menu *choice;
 
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/expr.c b/scripts/kconfig/expr.c
index c349da7fe3f8..78738ef412de 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/expr.c
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/expr.c
@@ -9,44 +9,68 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include <hash.h>
+#include <xalloc.h>
+#include "internal.h"
 #include "lkc.h"
 
 #define DEBUG_EXPR	0
 
+HASHTABLE_DEFINE(expr_hashtable, EXPR_HASHSIZE);
+
 static struct expr *expr_eliminate_yn(struct expr *e);
 
-struct expr *expr_alloc_symbol(struct symbol *sym)
+/**
+ * expr_lookup - return the expression with the given type and sub-nodes
+ * This looks up an expression with the specified type and sub-nodes. If such
+ * an expression is found in the hash table, it is returned. Otherwise, a new
+ * expression node is allocated and added to the hash table.
+ * @type: expression type
+ * @l: left node
+ * @r: right node
+ * return: expression
+ */
+static struct expr *expr_lookup(enum expr_type type, void *l, void *r)
 {
-	struct expr *e = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*e));
-	e->type = E_SYMBOL;
-	e->left.sym = sym;
+	struct expr *e;
+	int hash;
+
+	hash = hash_32((unsigned int)type ^ hash_ptr(l) ^ hash_ptr(r));
+
+	hash_for_each_possible(expr_hashtable, e, node, hash) {
+		if (e->type == type && e->left._initdata == l &&
+		    e->right._initdata == r)
+			return e;
+	}
+
+	e = xmalloc(sizeof(*e));
+	e->type = type;
+	e->left._initdata = l;
+	e->right._initdata = r;
+
+	hash_add(expr_hashtable, &e->node, hash);
+
 	return e;
 }
 
+struct expr *expr_alloc_symbol(struct symbol *sym)
+{
+	return expr_lookup(E_SYMBOL, sym, NULL);
+}
+
 struct expr *expr_alloc_one(enum expr_type type, struct expr *ce)
 {
-	struct expr *e = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*e));
-	e->type = type;
-	e->left.expr = ce;
-	return e;
+	return expr_lookup(type, ce, NULL);
 }
 
 struct expr *expr_alloc_two(enum expr_type type, struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
 {
-	struct expr *e = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*e));
-	e->type = type;
-	e->left.expr = e1;
-	e->right.expr = e2;
-	return e;
+	return expr_lookup(type, e1, e2);
 }
 
 struct expr *expr_alloc_comp(enum expr_type type, struct symbol *s1, struct symbol *s2)
 {
-	struct expr *e = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*e));
-	e->type = type;
-	e->left.sym = s1;
-	e->right.sym = s2;
-	return e;
+	return expr_lookup(type, s1, s2);
 }
 
 struct expr *expr_alloc_and(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
@@ -63,76 +87,6 @@ struct expr *expr_alloc_or(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
 	return e2 ? expr_alloc_two(E_OR, e1, e2) : e1;
 }
 
-struct expr *expr_copy(const struct expr *org)
-{
-	struct expr *e;
-
-	if (!org)
-		return NULL;
-
-	e = xmalloc(sizeof(*org));
-	memcpy(e, org, sizeof(*org));
-	switch (org->type) {
-	case E_SYMBOL:
-		e->left = org->left;
-		break;
-	case E_NOT:
-		e->left.expr = expr_copy(org->left.expr);
-		break;
-	case E_EQUAL:
-	case E_GEQ:
-	case E_GTH:
-	case E_LEQ:
-	case E_LTH:
-	case E_UNEQUAL:
-		e->left.sym = org->left.sym;
-		e->right.sym = org->right.sym;
-		break;
-	case E_AND:
-	case E_OR:
-		e->left.expr = expr_copy(org->left.expr);
-		e->right.expr = expr_copy(org->right.expr);
-		break;
-	default:
-		fprintf(stderr, "can't copy type %d\n", e->type);
-		free(e);
-		e = NULL;
-		break;
-	}
-
-	return e;
-}
-
-void expr_free(struct expr *e)
-{
-	if (!e)
-		return;
-
-	switch (e->type) {
-	case E_SYMBOL:
-		break;
-	case E_NOT:
-		expr_free(e->left.expr);
-		break;
-	case E_EQUAL:
-	case E_GEQ:
-	case E_GTH:
-	case E_LEQ:
-	case E_LTH:
-	case E_UNEQUAL:
-		break;
-	case E_OR:
-	case E_AND:
-		expr_free(e->left.expr);
-		expr_free(e->right.expr);
-		break;
-	default:
-		fprintf(stderr, "how to free type %d?\n", e->type);
-		break;
-	}
-	free(e);
-}
-
 static int trans_count;
 
 /*
@@ -145,16 +99,24 @@ static int trans_count;
  */
 static void __expr_eliminate_eq(enum expr_type type, struct expr **ep1, struct expr **ep2)
 {
+	struct expr *l, *r;
+
 	/* Recurse down to leaves */
 
 	if ((*ep1)->type == type) {
-		__expr_eliminate_eq(type, &(*ep1)->left.expr, ep2);
-		__expr_eliminate_eq(type, &(*ep1)->right.expr, ep2);
+		l = (*ep1)->left.expr;
+		r = (*ep1)->right.expr;
+		__expr_eliminate_eq(type, &l, ep2);
+		__expr_eliminate_eq(type, &r, ep2);
+		*ep1 = expr_alloc_two(type, l, r);
 		return;
 	}
 	if ((*ep2)->type == type) {
-		__expr_eliminate_eq(type, ep1, &(*ep2)->left.expr);
-		__expr_eliminate_eq(type, ep1, &(*ep2)->right.expr);
+		l = (*ep2)->left.expr;
+		r = (*ep2)->right.expr;
+		__expr_eliminate_eq(type, ep1, &l);
+		__expr_eliminate_eq(type, ep1, &r);
+		*ep2 = expr_alloc_two(type, l, r);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -170,7 +132,6 @@ static void __expr_eliminate_eq(enum expr_type type, struct expr **ep1, struct e
 	/* *ep1 and *ep2 are equal leaves. Prepare them for elimination. */
 
 	trans_count++;
-	expr_free(*ep1); expr_free(*ep2);
 	switch (type) {
 	case E_OR:
 		*ep1 = expr_alloc_symbol(&symbol_no);
@@ -242,9 +203,10 @@ void expr_eliminate_eq(struct expr **ep1, struct expr **ep2)
  * equals some operand in the other (operands do not need to appear in the same
  * order), recursively.
  */
-int expr_eq(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
+bool expr_eq(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
 {
-	int res, old_count;
+	int old_count;
+	bool res;
 
 	/*
 	 * A NULL expr is taken to be yes, but there's also a different way to
@@ -254,7 +216,7 @@ int expr_eq(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
 		return expr_is_yes(e1) && expr_is_yes(e2);
 
 	if (e1->type != e2->type)
-		return 0;
+		return false;
 	switch (e1->type) {
 	case E_EQUAL:
 	case E_GEQ:
@@ -269,14 +231,10 @@ int expr_eq(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
 		return expr_eq(e1->left.expr, e2->left.expr);
 	case E_AND:
 	case E_OR:
-		e1 = expr_copy(e1);
-		e2 = expr_copy(e2);
 		old_count = trans_count;
 		expr_eliminate_eq(&e1, &e2);
 		res = (e1->type == E_SYMBOL && e2->type == E_SYMBOL &&
 		       e1->left.sym == e2->left.sym);
-		expr_free(e1);
-		expr_free(e2);
 		trans_count = old_count;
 		return res;
 	case E_RANGE:
@@ -291,11 +249,11 @@ int expr_eq(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
 		printf(" ?\n");
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	return false;
 }
 
 /*
- * Recursively performs the following simplifications in-place (as well as the
+ * Recursively performs the following simplifications (as well as the
  * corresponding simplifications with swapped operands):
  *
  *	expr && n  ->  n
@@ -307,79 +265,39 @@ int expr_eq(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
  */
 static struct expr *expr_eliminate_yn(struct expr *e)
 {
-	struct expr *tmp;
+	struct expr *l, *r;
 
 	if (e) switch (e->type) {
 	case E_AND:
-		e->left.expr = expr_eliminate_yn(e->left.expr);
-		e->right.expr = expr_eliminate_yn(e->right.expr);
-		if (e->left.expr->type == E_SYMBOL) {
-			if (e->left.expr->left.sym == &symbol_no) {
-				expr_free(e->left.expr);
-				expr_free(e->right.expr);
-				e->type = E_SYMBOL;
-				e->left.sym = &symbol_no;
-				e->right.expr = NULL;
-				return e;
-			} else if (e->left.expr->left.sym == &symbol_yes) {
-				free(e->left.expr);
-				tmp = e->right.expr;
-				*e = *(e->right.expr);
-				free(tmp);
-				return e;
-			}
+		l = expr_eliminate_yn(e->left.expr);
+		r = expr_eliminate_yn(e->right.expr);
+		if (l->type == E_SYMBOL) {
+			if (l->left.sym == &symbol_no)
+				return l;
+			else if (l->left.sym == &symbol_yes)
+				return r;
 		}
-		if (e->right.expr->type == E_SYMBOL) {
-			if (e->right.expr->left.sym == &symbol_no) {
-				expr_free(e->left.expr);
-				expr_free(e->right.expr);
-				e->type = E_SYMBOL;
-				e->left.sym = &symbol_no;
-				e->right.expr = NULL;
-				return e;
-			} else if (e->right.expr->left.sym == &symbol_yes) {
-				free(e->right.expr);
-				tmp = e->left.expr;
-				*e = *(e->left.expr);
-				free(tmp);
-				return e;
-			}
+		if (r->type == E_SYMBOL) {
+			if (r->left.sym == &symbol_no)
+				return r;
+			else if (r->left.sym == &symbol_yes)
+				return l;
 		}
 		break;
 	case E_OR:
-		e->left.expr = expr_eliminate_yn(e->left.expr);
-		e->right.expr = expr_eliminate_yn(e->right.expr);
-		if (e->left.expr->type == E_SYMBOL) {
-			if (e->left.expr->left.sym == &symbol_no) {
-				free(e->left.expr);
-				tmp = e->right.expr;
-				*e = *(e->right.expr);
-				free(tmp);
-				return e;
-			} else if (e->left.expr->left.sym == &symbol_yes) {
-				expr_free(e->left.expr);
-				expr_free(e->right.expr);
-				e->type = E_SYMBOL;
-				e->left.sym = &symbol_yes;
-				e->right.expr = NULL;
-				return e;
-			}
+		l = expr_eliminate_yn(e->left.expr);
+		r = expr_eliminate_yn(e->right.expr);
+		if (l->type == E_SYMBOL) {
+			if (l->left.sym == &symbol_no)
+				return r;
+			else if (l->left.sym == &symbol_yes)
+				return l;
 		}
-		if (e->right.expr->type == E_SYMBOL) {
-			if (e->right.expr->left.sym == &symbol_no) {
-				free(e->right.expr);
-				tmp = e->left.expr;
-				*e = *(e->left.expr);
-				free(tmp);
-				return e;
-			} else if (e->right.expr->left.sym == &symbol_yes) {
-				expr_free(e->left.expr);
-				expr_free(e->right.expr);
-				e->type = E_SYMBOL;
-				e->left.sym = &symbol_yes;
-				e->right.expr = NULL;
-				return e;
-			}
+		if (r->type == E_SYMBOL) {
+			if (r->left.sym == &symbol_no)
+				return l;
+			else if (r->left.sym == &symbol_yes)
+				return r;
 		}
 		break;
 	default:
@@ -397,7 +315,7 @@ static struct expr *expr_join_or(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
 	struct symbol *sym1, *sym2;
 
 	if (expr_eq(e1, e2))
-		return expr_copy(e1);
+		return e1;
 	if (e1->type != E_EQUAL && e1->type != E_UNEQUAL && e1->type != E_SYMBOL && e1->type != E_NOT)
 		return NULL;
 	if (e2->type != E_EQUAL && e2->type != E_UNEQUAL && e2->type != E_SYMBOL && e2->type != E_NOT)
@@ -440,6 +358,7 @@ static struct expr *expr_join_or(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
 		}
 	}
 	if (sym1->type == S_BOOLEAN) {
+		// a || !a -> y
 		if ((e1->type == E_NOT && e1->left.expr->type == E_SYMBOL && e2->type == E_SYMBOL) ||
 		    (e2->type == E_NOT && e2->left.expr->type == E_SYMBOL && e1->type == E_SYMBOL))
 			return expr_alloc_symbol(&symbol_yes);
@@ -461,7 +380,7 @@ static struct expr *expr_join_and(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
 	struct symbol *sym1, *sym2;
 
 	if (expr_eq(e1, e2))
-		return expr_copy(e1);
+		return e1;
 	if (e1->type != E_EQUAL && e1->type != E_UNEQUAL && e1->type != E_SYMBOL && e1->type != E_NOT)
 		return NULL;
 	if (e2->type != E_EQUAL && e2->type != E_UNEQUAL && e2->type != E_SYMBOL && e2->type != E_NOT)
@@ -558,38 +477,33 @@ static struct expr *expr_join_and(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2)
  */
 static void expr_eliminate_dups1(enum expr_type type, struct expr **ep1, struct expr **ep2)
 {
-	struct expr *tmp;
+	struct expr *tmp, *l, *r;
 
 	/* Recurse down to leaves */
 
 	if ((*ep1)->type == type) {
-		expr_eliminate_dups1(type, &(*ep1)->left.expr, ep2);
-		expr_eliminate_dups1(type, &(*ep1)->right.expr, ep2);
+		l = (*ep1)->left.expr;
+		r = (*ep1)->right.expr;
+		expr_eliminate_dups1(type, &l, ep2);
+		expr_eliminate_dups1(type, &r, ep2);
+		*ep1 = expr_alloc_two(type, l, r);
 		return;
 	}
 	if ((*ep2)->type == type) {
-		expr_eliminate_dups1(type, ep1, &(*ep2)->left.expr);
-		expr_eliminate_dups1(type, ep1, &(*ep2)->right.expr);
+		l = (*ep2)->left.expr;
+		r = (*ep2)->right.expr;
+		expr_eliminate_dups1(type, ep1, &l);
+		expr_eliminate_dups1(type, ep1, &r);
+		*ep2 = expr_alloc_two(type, l, r);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	/* *ep1 and *ep2 are leaves. Compare and process them. */
 
-	if (*ep1 == *ep2)
-		return;
-
-	switch ((*ep1)->type) {
-	case E_OR: case E_AND:
-		expr_eliminate_dups1((*ep1)->type, ep1, ep1);
-	default:
-		;
-	}
-
 	switch (type) {
 	case E_OR:
 		tmp = expr_join_or(*ep1, *ep2);
 		if (tmp) {
-			expr_free(*ep1); expr_free(*ep2);
 			*ep1 = expr_alloc_symbol(&symbol_no);
 			*ep2 = tmp;
 			trans_count++;
@@ -598,7 +512,6 @@ static void expr_eliminate_dups1(enum expr_type type, struct expr **ep1, struct
 	case E_AND:
 		tmp = expr_join_and(*ep1, *ep2);
 		if (tmp) {
-			expr_free(*ep1); expr_free(*ep2);
 			*ep1 = expr_alloc_symbol(&symbol_yes);
 			*ep2 = tmp;
 			trans_count++;
@@ -628,10 +541,15 @@ struct expr *expr_eliminate_dups(struct expr *e)
 
 	oldcount = trans_count;
 	do {
+		struct expr *l, *r;
+
 		trans_count = 0;
 		switch (e->type) {
 		case E_OR: case E_AND:
-			expr_eliminate_dups1(e->type, &e, &e);
+			l = expr_eliminate_dups(e->left.expr);
+			r = expr_eliminate_dups(e->right.expr);
+			expr_eliminate_dups1(e->type, &l, &r);
+			e = expr_alloc_two(e->type, l, r);
 		default:
 			;
 		}
@@ -645,12 +563,34 @@ struct expr *expr_eliminate_dups(struct expr *e)
  * Performs various simplifications involving logical operators and
  * comparisons.
  *
+ *   For bool type:
+ *     A=n        ->  !A
+ *     A=m        ->  n
+ *     A=y        ->  A
+ *     A!=n       ->  A
+ *     A!=m       ->  y
+ *     A!=y       ->  !A
+ *
+ *   For any type:
+ *     !!A        ->  A
+ *     !(A=B)     ->  A!=B
+ *     !(A!=B)    ->  A=B
+ *     !(A<=B)    ->  A>B
+ *     !(A>=B)    ->  A<B
+ *     !(A<B)     ->  A>=B
+ *     !(A>B)     ->  A<=B
+ *     !(A || B)  ->  !A && !B
+ *     !(A && B)  ->  !A || !B
+ *
+ *   For constant:
+ *     !y         ->  n
+ *     !m         ->  m
+ *     !n         ->  y
+ *
  * Allocates and returns a new expression.
  */
 struct expr *expr_transform(struct expr *e)
 {
-	struct expr *tmp;
-
 	if (!e)
 		return NULL;
 	switch (e->type) {
@@ -663,8 +603,9 @@ struct expr *expr_transform(struct expr *e)
 	case E_SYMBOL:
 		break;
 	default:
-		e->left.expr = expr_transform(e->left.expr);
-		e->right.expr = expr_transform(e->right.expr);
+		e = expr_alloc_two(e->type,
+				   expr_transform(e->left.expr),
+				   expr_transform(e->right.expr));
 	}
 
 	switch (e->type) {
@@ -672,21 +613,19 @@ struct expr *expr_transform(struct expr *e)
 		if (e->left.sym->type != S_BOOLEAN)
 			break;
 		if (e->right.sym == &symbol_no) {
-			e->type = E_NOT;
-			e->left.expr = expr_alloc_symbol(e->left.sym);
-			e->right.sym = NULL;
+			// A=n -> !A
+			e = expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, expr_alloc_symbol(e->left.sym));
 			break;
 		}
 		if (e->right.sym == &symbol_mod) {
+			// A=m -> n
 			printf("boolean symbol %s tested for 'm'? test forced to 'n'\n", e->left.sym->name);
-			e->type = E_SYMBOL;
-			e->left.sym = &symbol_no;
-			e->right.sym = NULL;
+			e = expr_alloc_symbol(&symbol_no);
 			break;
 		}
 		if (e->right.sym == &symbol_yes) {
-			e->type = E_SYMBOL;
-			e->right.sym = NULL;
+			// A=y -> A
+			e = expr_alloc_symbol(e->left.sym);
 			break;
 		}
 		break;
@@ -694,104 +633,71 @@ struct expr *expr_transform(struct expr *e)
 		if (e->left.sym->type != S_BOOLEAN)
 			break;
 		if (e->right.sym == &symbol_no) {
-			e->type = E_SYMBOL;
-			e->right.sym = NULL;
+			// A!=n -> A
+			e = expr_alloc_symbol(e->left.sym);
 			break;
 		}
 		if (e->right.sym == &symbol_mod) {
+			// A!=m -> y
 			printf("boolean symbol %s tested for 'm'? test forced to 'y'\n", e->left.sym->name);
-			e->type = E_SYMBOL;
-			e->left.sym = &symbol_yes;
-			e->right.sym = NULL;
+			e = expr_alloc_symbol(&symbol_yes);
 			break;
 		}
 		if (e->right.sym == &symbol_yes) {
-			e->type = E_NOT;
-			e->left.expr = expr_alloc_symbol(e->left.sym);
-			e->right.sym = NULL;
+			// A!=y -> !A
+			e = expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, e->left.expr);
 			break;
 		}
 		break;
 	case E_NOT:
 		switch (e->left.expr->type) {
 		case E_NOT:
-			// !!a -> a
-			tmp = e->left.expr->left.expr;
-			free(e->left.expr);
-			free(e);
-			e = tmp;
-			e = expr_transform(e);
+			// !!A -> A
+			e = e->left.expr->left.expr;
 			break;
 		case E_EQUAL:
 		case E_UNEQUAL:
-			// !a='x' -> a!='x'
-			tmp = e->left.expr;
-			free(e);
-			e = tmp;
-			e->type = e->type == E_EQUAL ? E_UNEQUAL : E_EQUAL;
+			// !(A=B) -> A!=B
+			e = expr_alloc_comp(e->left.expr->type == E_EQUAL ? E_UNEQUAL : E_EQUAL,
+					    e->left.expr->left.sym,
+					    e->left.expr->right.sym);
 			break;
 		case E_LEQ:
 		case E_GEQ:
-			// !a<='x' -> a>'x'
-			tmp = e->left.expr;
-			free(e);
-			e = tmp;
-			e->type = e->type == E_LEQ ? E_GTH : E_LTH;
+			// !(A<=B) -> A>B
+			e = expr_alloc_comp(e->left.expr->type == E_LEQ ? E_GTH : E_LTH,
+					    e->left.expr->left.sym,
+					    e->left.expr->right.sym);
 			break;
 		case E_LTH:
 		case E_GTH:
-			// !a<'x' -> a>='x'
-			tmp = e->left.expr;
-			free(e);
-			e = tmp;
-			e->type = e->type == E_LTH ? E_GEQ : E_LEQ;
+			// !(A<B) -> A>=B
+			e = expr_alloc_comp(e->left.expr->type == E_LTH ? E_GEQ : E_LEQ,
+					    e->left.expr->left.sym,
+					    e->left.expr->right.sym);
 			break;
 		case E_OR:
-			// !(a || b) -> !a && !b
-			tmp = e->left.expr;
-			e->type = E_AND;
-			e->right.expr = expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, tmp->right.expr);
-			tmp->type = E_NOT;
-			tmp->right.expr = NULL;
+			// !(A || B) -> !A && !B
+			e = expr_alloc_and(expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, e->left.expr->left.expr),
+					   expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, e->left.expr->right.expr));
 			e = expr_transform(e);
 			break;
 		case E_AND:
-			// !(a && b) -> !a || !b
-			tmp = e->left.expr;
-			e->type = E_OR;
-			e->right.expr = expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, tmp->right.expr);
-			tmp->type = E_NOT;
-			tmp->right.expr = NULL;
+			// !(A && B) -> !A || !B
+			e = expr_alloc_or(expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, e->left.expr->left.expr),
+					  expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, e->left.expr->right.expr));
 			e = expr_transform(e);
 			break;
 		case E_SYMBOL:
-			if (e->left.expr->left.sym == &symbol_yes) {
+			if (e->left.expr->left.sym == &symbol_yes)
 				// !'y' -> 'n'
-				tmp = e->left.expr;
-				free(e);
-				e = tmp;
-				e->type = E_SYMBOL;
-				e->left.sym = &symbol_no;
-				break;
-			}
-			if (e->left.expr->left.sym == &symbol_mod) {
+				e = expr_alloc_symbol(&symbol_no);
+			else if (e->left.expr->left.sym == &symbol_mod)
 				// !'m' -> 'm'
-				tmp = e->left.expr;
-				free(e);
-				e = tmp;
-				e->type = E_SYMBOL;
-				e->left.sym = &symbol_mod;
-				break;
-			}
-			if (e->left.expr->left.sym == &symbol_no) {
+				e = expr_alloc_symbol(&symbol_mod);
+			else if (e->left.expr->left.sym == &symbol_no)
 				// !'n' -> 'y'
-				tmp = e->left.expr;
-				free(e);
-				e = tmp;
-				e->type = E_SYMBOL;
-				e->left.sym = &symbol_yes;
-				break;
-			}
+				e = expr_alloc_symbol(&symbol_yes);
 			break;
 		default:
 			;
@@ -803,10 +709,10 @@ struct expr *expr_transform(struct expr *e)
 	return e;
 }
 
-int expr_contains_symbol(struct expr *dep, struct symbol *sym)
+bool expr_contains_symbol(struct expr *dep, struct symbol *sym)
 {
 	if (!dep)
-		return 0;
+		return false;
 
 	switch (dep->type) {
 	case E_AND:
@@ -828,7 +734,7 @@ int expr_contains_symbol(struct expr *dep, struct symbol *sym)
 	default:
 		;
 	}
-	return 0;
+	return false;
 }
 
 bool expr_depends_symbol(struct expr *dep, struct symbol *sym)
@@ -915,18 +821,18 @@ struct expr *expr_trans_compare(struct expr *e, enum expr_type type, struct symb
 	case E_EQUAL:
 		if (type == E_EQUAL) {
 			if (sym == &symbol_yes)
-				return expr_copy(e);
+				return e;
 			if (sym == &symbol_mod)
 				return expr_alloc_symbol(&symbol_no);
 			if (sym == &symbol_no)
-				return expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, expr_copy(e));
+				return expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, e);
 		} else {
 			if (sym == &symbol_yes)
-				return expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, expr_copy(e));
+				return expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, e);
 			if (sym == &symbol_mod)
 				return expr_alloc_symbol(&symbol_yes);
 			if (sym == &symbol_no)
-				return expr_copy(e);
+				return e;
 		}
 		break;
 	case E_SYMBOL:
@@ -981,7 +887,7 @@ static enum string_value_kind expr_parse_string(const char *str,
 	       ? kind : k_string;
 }
 
-tristate expr_calc_value(struct expr *e)
+static tristate __expr_calc_value(struct expr *e)
 {
 	tristate val1, val2;
 	const char *str1, *str2;
@@ -989,9 +895,6 @@ tristate expr_calc_value(struct expr *e)
 	union string_value lval = {}, rval = {};
 	int res;
 
-	if (!e)
-		return yes;
-
 	switch (e->type) {
 	case E_SYMBOL:
 		sym_calc_value(e->left.sym);
@@ -1055,6 +958,35 @@ tristate expr_calc_value(struct expr *e)
 	}
 }
 
+/**
+ * expr_calc_value - return the tristate value of the given expression
+ * @e: expression
+ * return: tristate value of the expression
+ */
+tristate expr_calc_value(struct expr *e)
+{
+	if (!e)
+		return yes;
+
+	if (!e->val_is_valid) {
+		e->val = __expr_calc_value(e);
+		e->val_is_valid = true;
+	}
+
+	return e->val;
+}
+
+/**
+ * expr_invalidate_all - invalidate all cached expression values
+ */
+void expr_invalidate_all(void)
+{
+	struct expr *e;
+
+	hash_for_each(expr_hashtable, e, node)
+		e->val_is_valid = false;
+}
+
 static int expr_compare_type(enum expr_type t1, enum expr_type t2)
 {
 	if (t1 == t2)
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/expr.h b/scripts/kconfig/expr.h
index 2bc96cd28253..21578dcd4292 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/expr.h
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/expr.h
@@ -29,12 +29,26 @@ enum expr_type {
 };
 
 union expr_data {
-	struct expr *expr;
-	struct symbol *sym;
+	struct expr * const expr;
+	struct symbol * const sym;
+	void *_initdata;
 };
 
+/**
+ * struct expr - expression
+ *
+ * @node:  link node for the hash table
+ * @type:  expressoin type
+ * @val: calculated tristate value
+ * @val_is_valid: indicate whether the value is valid
+ * @left:  left node
+ * @right: right node
+ */
 struct expr {
+	struct hlist_node node;
 	enum expr_type type;
+	tristate val;
+	bool val_is_valid;
 	union expr_data left, right;
 };
 
@@ -168,7 +182,6 @@ enum prop_type {
 	P_SELECT,   /* select BAR */
 	P_IMPLY,    /* imply BAR */
 	P_RANGE,    /* range 7..100 (for a symbol) */
-	P_SYMBOL,   /* where a symbol is defined */
 };
 
 struct property {
@@ -276,14 +289,12 @@ struct expr *expr_alloc_two(enum expr_type type, struct expr *e1, struct expr *e
 struct expr *expr_alloc_comp(enum expr_type type, struct symbol *s1, struct symbol *s2);
 struct expr *expr_alloc_and(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2);
 struct expr *expr_alloc_or(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2);
-struct expr *expr_copy(const struct expr *org);
-void expr_free(struct expr *e);
 void expr_eliminate_eq(struct expr **ep1, struct expr **ep2);
-int expr_eq(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2);
+bool expr_eq(struct expr *e1, struct expr *e2);
 tristate expr_calc_value(struct expr *e);
 struct expr *expr_eliminate_dups(struct expr *e);
 struct expr *expr_transform(struct expr *e);
-int expr_contains_symbol(struct expr *dep, struct symbol *sym);
+bool expr_contains_symbol(struct expr *dep, struct symbol *sym);
 bool expr_depends_symbol(struct expr *dep, struct symbol *sym);
 struct expr *expr_trans_compare(struct expr *e, enum expr_type type, struct symbol *sym);
 
@@ -293,7 +304,7 @@ void expr_gstr_print(const struct expr *e, struct gstr *gs);
 void expr_gstr_print_revdep(struct expr *e, struct gstr *gs,
 			    tristate pr_type, const char *title);
 
-static inline int expr_is_yes(const struct expr *e)
+static inline bool expr_is_yes(const struct expr *e)
 {
 	return !e || (e->type == E_SYMBOL && e->left.sym == &symbol_yes);
 }
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/internal.h b/scripts/kconfig/internal.h
index 02106eb7815e..d0ffce2dfbba 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/internal.h
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/internal.h
@@ -11,6 +11,12 @@ extern HASHTABLE_DECLARE(sym_hashtable, SYMBOL_HASHSIZE);
 #define for_all_symbols(sym) \
 	hash_for_each(sym_hashtable, sym, node)
 
+#define EXPR_HASHSIZE		(1U << 14)
+
+extern HASHTABLE_DECLARE(expr_hashtable, EXPR_HASHSIZE);
+
+void expr_invalidate_all(void);
+
 struct menu;
 
 extern struct menu *current_menu, *current_entry;
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/lexer.l b/scripts/kconfig/lexer.l
index 8dd597c4710d..9c2cdfc33c6f 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/lexer.l
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/lexer.l
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "lkc.h"
 #include "preprocess.h"
 
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/lkc.h b/scripts/kconfig/lkc.h
index 401bdf36323a..b8ebc3094a23 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/lkc.h
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/lkc.h
@@ -51,13 +51,7 @@ static inline void xfwrite(const void *str, size_t len, size_t count, FILE *out)
 }
 
 /* util.c */
-unsigned int strhash(const char *s);
 const char *file_lookup(const char *name);
-void *xmalloc(size_t size);
-void *xcalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size);
-void *xrealloc(void *p, size_t size);
-char *xstrdup(const char *s);
-char *xstrndup(const char *s, size_t n);
 
 /* lexer.l */
 int yylex(void);
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/mconf.c b/scripts/kconfig/mconf.c
index 3887eac75289..84ea9215c0a7 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/mconf.c
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/mconf.c
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <list.h>
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "lkc.h"
 #include "lxdialog/dialog.h"
 #include "mnconf-common.h"
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/menu.c b/scripts/kconfig/menu.c
index 323cc0b62be6..4addd33749bb 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/menu.c
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/menu.c
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include <string.h>
 
 #include <list.h>
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "lkc.h"
 #include "internal.h"
 
@@ -78,10 +79,8 @@ void menu_add_entry(struct symbol *sym)
 	*last_entry_ptr = menu;
 	last_entry_ptr = &menu->next;
 	current_entry = menu;
-	if (sym) {
-		menu_add_symbol(P_SYMBOL, sym, NULL);
+	if (sym)
 		list_add_tail(&menu->link, &sym->menus);
-	}
 }
 
 struct menu *menu_add_menu(void)
@@ -108,12 +107,13 @@ static struct expr *rewrite_m(struct expr *e)
 
 	switch (e->type) {
 	case E_NOT:
-		e->left.expr = rewrite_m(e->left.expr);
+		e = expr_alloc_one(E_NOT, rewrite_m(e->left.expr));
 		break;
 	case E_OR:
 	case E_AND:
-		e->left.expr = rewrite_m(e->left.expr);
-		e->right.expr = rewrite_m(e->right.expr);
+		e = expr_alloc_two(e->type,
+				   rewrite_m(e->left.expr),
+				   rewrite_m(e->right.expr));
 		break;
 	case E_SYMBOL:
 		/* change 'm' into 'm' && MODULES */
@@ -193,21 +193,11 @@ struct property *menu_add_prompt(enum prop_type type, const char *prompt,
 		struct menu *menu = current_entry;
 
 		while ((menu = menu->parent) != NULL) {
-			struct expr *dup_expr;
 
 			if (!menu->visibility)
 				continue;
-			/*
-			 * Do not add a reference to the menu's visibility
-			 * expression but use a copy of it. Otherwise the
-			 * expression reduction functions will modify
-			 * expressions that have multiple references which
-			 * can cause unwanted side effects.
-			 */
-			dup_expr = expr_copy(menu->visibility);
-
 			prop->visible.expr = expr_alloc_and(prop->visible.expr,
-							    dup_expr);
+							    menu->visibility);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -323,7 +313,7 @@ static void _menu_finalize(struct menu *parent, bool inside_choice)
 			 */
 			basedep = rewrite_m(menu->dep);
 			basedep = expr_transform(basedep);
-			basedep = expr_alloc_and(expr_copy(parent->dep), basedep);
+			basedep = expr_alloc_and(parent->dep, basedep);
 			basedep = expr_eliminate_dups(basedep);
 			menu->dep = basedep;
 
@@ -367,7 +357,7 @@ static void _menu_finalize(struct menu *parent, bool inside_choice)
 				 */
 				dep = rewrite_m(prop->visible.expr);
 				dep = expr_transform(dep);
-				dep = expr_alloc_and(expr_copy(basedep), dep);
+				dep = expr_alloc_and(basedep, dep);
 				dep = expr_eliminate_dups(dep);
 				prop->visible.expr = dep;
 
@@ -378,11 +368,11 @@ static void _menu_finalize(struct menu *parent, bool inside_choice)
 				if (prop->type == P_SELECT) {
 					struct symbol *es = prop_get_symbol(prop);
 					es->rev_dep.expr = expr_alloc_or(es->rev_dep.expr,
-							expr_alloc_and(expr_alloc_symbol(menu->sym), expr_copy(dep)));
+							expr_alloc_and(expr_alloc_symbol(menu->sym), dep));
 				} else if (prop->type == P_IMPLY) {
 					struct symbol *es = prop_get_symbol(prop);
 					es->implied.expr = expr_alloc_or(es->implied.expr,
-							expr_alloc_and(expr_alloc_symbol(menu->sym), expr_copy(dep)));
+							expr_alloc_and(expr_alloc_symbol(menu->sym), dep));
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -442,22 +432,18 @@ static void _menu_finalize(struct menu *parent, bool inside_choice)
 			 */
 			dep = expr_trans_compare(dep, E_UNEQUAL, &symbol_no);
 			dep = expr_eliminate_dups(expr_transform(dep));
-			dep2 = expr_copy(basedep);
+			dep2 = basedep;
 			expr_eliminate_eq(&dep, &dep2);
-			expr_free(dep);
 			if (!expr_is_yes(dep2)) {
 				/* Not superset, quit */
-				expr_free(dep2);
 				break;
 			}
 			/* Superset, put in submenu */
-			expr_free(dep2);
 		next:
 			_menu_finalize(menu, false);
 			menu->parent = parent;
 			last_menu = menu;
 		}
-		expr_free(basedep);
 		if (last_menu) {
 			parent->list = parent->next;
 			parent->next = last_menu->next;
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/nconf.c b/scripts/kconfig/nconf.c
index b91ca47e9e9a..063b4f7ccbdb 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/nconf.c
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/nconf.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 #include <list.h>
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "lkc.h"
 #include "mnconf-common.h"
 #include "nconf.h"
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/nconf.gui.c b/scripts/kconfig/nconf.gui.c
index 25a7263ef3c8..72b605efe549 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/nconf.gui.c
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/nconf.gui.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  *
  * Derived from menuconfig.
  */
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "nconf.h"
 #include "lkc.h"
 
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/parser.y b/scripts/kconfig/parser.y
index 61900feb4254..1ad60f9e164e 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/parser.y
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/parser.y
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "lkc.h"
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "preprocess.h"
@@ -530,14 +531,6 @@ void conf_parse(const char *name)
 		yydebug = 1;
 	yyparse();
 
-	/*
-	 * FIXME:
-	 * cur_filename and cur_lineno are used even after yyparse();
-	 * menu_finalize() calls menu_add_symbol(). This should be fixed.
-	 */
-	cur_filename = "<none>";
-	cur_lineno = 0;
-
 	str_printf(&autoconf_cmd,
 		   "\n"
 		   "$(autoconfig): $(deps_config)\n"
@@ -715,10 +708,6 @@ static void print_symbol(FILE *out, const struct menu *menu)
 			print_quoted_string(out, prop->text);
 			fputc('\n', out);
 			break;
-		case P_SYMBOL:
-			fputs( "  symbol ", out);
-			fprintf(out, "%s\n", prop->menu->sym->name);
-			break;
 		default:
 			fprintf(out, "  unknown prop %d!\n", prop->type);
 			break;
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/preprocess.c b/scripts/kconfig/preprocess.c
index 67d1fb95c491..783abcaa5cc5 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/preprocess.c
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/preprocess.c
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 #include <array_size.h>
 #include <list.h>
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "lkc.h"
 #include "preprocess.h"
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/qconf.cc b/scripts/kconfig/qconf.cc
index 7d239c032b3d..97fce13e551e 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/qconf.cc
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/qconf.cc
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "lkc.h"
 #include "qconf.h"
 
@@ -1094,7 +1095,6 @@ QString ConfigInfoView::debug_info(struct symbol *sym)
 		case P_RANGE:
 		case P_COMMENT:
 		case P_IMPLY:
-		case P_SYMBOL:
 			stream << prop_get_type_name(prop->type);
 			stream << ": ";
 			expr_print(prop->expr, expr_print_help,
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/symbol.c b/scripts/kconfig/symbol.c
index 71502abd3b12..a3af93aaaf32 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/symbol.c
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/symbol.c
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <regex.h>
 
+#include <hash.h>
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "lkc.h"
 
@@ -517,6 +519,7 @@ void sym_clear_all_valid(void)
 
 	for_all_symbols(sym)
 		sym->flags &= ~SYMBOL_VALID;
+	expr_invalidate_all();
 	conf_set_changed(true);
 	sym_calc_value(modules_sym);
 }
@@ -892,7 +895,7 @@ struct symbol *sym_lookup(const char *name, int flags)
 			case 'n': return &symbol_no;
 			}
 		}
-		hash = strhash(name);
+		hash = hash_str(name);
 
 		hash_for_each_possible(sym_hashtable, symbol, node, hash) {
 			if (symbol->name &&
@@ -935,7 +938,7 @@ struct symbol *sym_find(const char *name)
 		case 'n': return &symbol_no;
 		}
 	}
-	hash = strhash(name);
+	hash = hash_str(name);
 
 	hash_for_each_possible(sym_hashtable, symbol, node, hash) {
 		if (symbol->name &&
@@ -1321,8 +1324,6 @@ const char *prop_get_type_name(enum prop_type type)
 		return "imply";
 	case P_RANGE:
 		return "range";
-	case P_SYMBOL:
-		return "symbol";
 	case P_UNKNOWN:
 		break;
 	}
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/util.c b/scripts/kconfig/util.c
index 696ff477671e..5cdcee144b58 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/util.c
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/util.c
@@ -8,19 +8,11 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include <hash.h>
 #include <hashtable.h>
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "lkc.h"
 
-unsigned int strhash(const char *s)
-{
-	/* fnv32 hash */
-	unsigned int hash = 2166136261U;
-
-	for (; *s; s++)
-		hash = (hash ^ *s) * 0x01000193;
-	return hash;
-}
-
 /* hash table of all parsed Kconfig files */
 static HASHTABLE_DEFINE(file_hashtable, 1U << 11);
 
@@ -34,7 +26,7 @@ const char *file_lookup(const char *name)
 {
 	struct file *file;
 	size_t len;
-	int hash = strhash(name);
+	int hash = hash_str(name);
 
 	hash_for_each_possible(file_hashtable, file, node, hash)
 		if (!strcmp(name, file->name))
@@ -102,52 +94,3 @@ char *str_get(const struct gstr *gs)
 {
 	return gs->s;
 }
-
-void *xmalloc(size_t size)
-{
-	void *p = malloc(size);
-	if (p)
-		return p;
-	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory.\n");
-	exit(1);
-}
-
-void *xcalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size)
-{
-	void *p = calloc(nmemb, size);
-	if (p)
-		return p;
-	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory.\n");
-	exit(1);
-}
-
-void *xrealloc(void *p, size_t size)
-{
-	p = realloc(p, size);
-	if (p)
-		return p;
-	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory.\n");
-	exit(1);
-}
-
-char *xstrdup(const char *s)
-{
-	char *p;
-
-	p = strdup(s);
-	if (p)
-		return p;
-	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory.\n");
-	exit(1);
-}
-
-char *xstrndup(const char *s, size_t n)
-{
-	char *p;
-
-	p = strndup(s, n);
-	if (p)
-		return p;
-	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory.\n");
-	exit(1);
-}
diff --git a/scripts/link-vmlinux.sh b/scripts/link-vmlinux.sh
index 8445b1390126..a9b3f34a78d2 100755
--- a/scripts/link-vmlinux.sh
+++ b/scripts/link-vmlinux.sh
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ kallsymso=
 strip_debug=
 
 if is_enabled CONFIG_KALLSYMS; then
-	truncate -s0 .tmp_vmlinux.kallsyms0.syms
+	true > .tmp_vmlinux.kallsyms0.syms
 	kallsyms .tmp_vmlinux.kallsyms0.syms .tmp_vmlinux0.kallsyms
 fi
 
diff --git a/scripts/mod/mk_elfconfig.c b/scripts/mod/mk_elfconfig.c
index 680eade89be1..e8cee4e4bc73 100644
--- a/scripts/mod/mk_elfconfig.c
+++ b/scripts/mod/mk_elfconfig.c
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ int
 main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	unsigned char ei[EI_NIDENT];
-	union { short s; char c[2]; } endian_test;
 
 	if (fread(ei, 1, EI_NIDENT, stdin) != EI_NIDENT) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Error: input truncated\n");
@@ -28,30 +27,6 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
 	default:
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	switch (ei[EI_DATA]) {
-	case ELFDATA2LSB:
-		printf("#define KERNEL_ELFDATA ELFDATA2LSB\n");
-		break;
-	case ELFDATA2MSB:
-		printf("#define KERNEL_ELFDATA ELFDATA2MSB\n");
-		break;
-	default:
-		exit(1);
-	}
-
-	if (sizeof(unsigned long) == 4) {
-		printf("#define HOST_ELFCLASS ELFCLASS32\n");
-	} else if (sizeof(unsigned long) == 8) {
-		printf("#define HOST_ELFCLASS ELFCLASS64\n");
-	}
-
-	endian_test.s = 0x0102;
-	if (memcmp(endian_test.c, "\x01\x02", 2) == 0)
-		printf("#define HOST_ELFDATA ELFDATA2MSB\n");
-	else if (memcmp(endian_test.c, "\x02\x01", 2) == 0)
-		printf("#define HOST_ELFDATA ELFDATA2LSB\n");
-	else
-		exit(1);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/scripts/mod/modpost.c b/scripts/mod/modpost.c
index d16d0ace2775..107393a8c48a 100644
--- a/scripts/mod/modpost.c
+++ b/scripts/mod/modpost.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 #include <hashtable.h>
 #include <list.h>
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "modpost.h"
 #include "../../include/linux/license.h"
 
@@ -50,6 +51,9 @@ static bool error_occurred;
 
 static bool extra_warn;
 
+bool target_is_big_endian;
+bool host_is_big_endian;
+
 /*
  * Cut off the warnings when there are too many. This typically occurs when
  * vmlinux is missing. ('make modules' without building vmlinux.)
@@ -63,20 +67,15 @@ static unsigned int nr_unresolved;
 
 #define MODULE_NAME_LEN (64 - sizeof(Elf_Addr))
 
-void modpost_log(enum loglevel loglevel, const char *fmt, ...)
+void modpost_log(bool is_error, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list arglist;
 
-	switch (loglevel) {
-	case LOG_WARN:
-		fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: ");
-		break;
-	case LOG_ERROR:
+	if (is_error) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: ");
 		error_occurred = true;
-		break;
-	default: /* invalid loglevel, ignore */
-		break;
+	} else {
+		fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: ");
 	}
 
 	fprintf(stderr, "modpost: ");
@@ -94,14 +93,6 @@ static inline bool strends(const char *str, const char *postfix)
 	return strcmp(str + strlen(str) - strlen(postfix), postfix) == 0;
 }
 
-void *do_nofail(void *ptr, const char *expr)
-{
-	if (!ptr)
-		fatal("Memory allocation failure: %s.\n", expr);
-
-	return ptr;
-}
-
 char *read_text_file(const char *filename)
 {
 	struct stat st;
@@ -120,7 +111,7 @@ char *read_text_file(const char *filename)
 		exit(1);
 	}
 
-	buf = NOFAIL(malloc(st.st_size + 1));
+	buf = xmalloc(st.st_size + 1);
 
 	nbytes = st.st_size;
 
@@ -178,7 +169,7 @@ static struct module *new_module(const char *name, size_t namelen)
 {
 	struct module *mod;
 
-	mod = NOFAIL(malloc(sizeof(*mod) + namelen + 1));
+	mod = xmalloc(sizeof(*mod) + namelen + 1);
 	memset(mod, 0, sizeof(*mod));
 
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mod->exported_symbols);
@@ -237,7 +228,7 @@ static inline unsigned int tdb_hash(const char *name)
  **/
 static struct symbol *alloc_symbol(const char *name)
 {
-	struct symbol *s = NOFAIL(malloc(sizeof(*s) + strlen(name) + 1));
+	struct symbol *s = xmalloc(sizeof(*s) + strlen(name) + 1);
 
 	memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
 	strcpy(s->name, name);
@@ -310,8 +301,7 @@ static void add_namespace(struct list_head *head, const char *namespace)
 	struct namespace_list *ns_entry;
 
 	if (!contains_namespace(head, namespace)) {
-		ns_entry = NOFAIL(malloc(sizeof(*ns_entry) +
-					 strlen(namespace) + 1));
+		ns_entry = xmalloc(sizeof(*ns_entry) + strlen(namespace) + 1);
 		strcpy(ns_entry->namespace, namespace);
 		list_add_tail(&ns_entry->list, head);
 	}
@@ -366,7 +356,7 @@ static struct symbol *sym_add_exported(const char *name, struct module *mod,
 	s = alloc_symbol(name);
 	s->module = mod;
 	s->is_gpl_only = gpl_only;
-	s->namespace = NOFAIL(strdup(namespace));
+	s->namespace = xstrdup(namespace);
 	list_add_tail(&s->list, &mod->exported_symbols);
 	hash_add_symbol(s);
 
@@ -438,6 +428,18 @@ static int parse_elf(struct elf_info *info, const char *filename)
 		/* Not an ELF file - silently ignore it */
 		return 0;
 	}
+
+	switch (hdr->e_ident[EI_DATA]) {
+	case ELFDATA2LSB:
+		target_is_big_endian = false;
+		break;
+	case ELFDATA2MSB:
+		target_is_big_endian = true;
+		break;
+	default:
+		fatal("target endian is unknown\n");
+	}
+
 	/* Fix endianness in ELF header */
 	hdr->e_type      = TO_NATIVE(hdr->e_type);
 	hdr->e_machine   = TO_NATIVE(hdr->e_machine);
@@ -622,7 +624,7 @@ static void handle_symbol(struct module *mod, struct elf_info *info,
 			if (ELF_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) == STT_SPARC_REGISTER)
 				break;
 			if (symname[0] == '.') {
-				char *munged = NOFAIL(strdup(symname));
+				char *munged = xstrdup(symname);
 				munged[0] = '_';
 				munged[1] = toupper(munged[1]);
 				symname = munged;
@@ -690,10 +692,7 @@ static char *get_modinfo(struct elf_info *info, const char *tag)
 
 static const char *sym_name(struct elf_info *elf, Elf_Sym *sym)
 {
-	if (sym)
-		return elf->strtab + sym->st_name;
-	else
-		return "(unknown)";
+	return sym ? elf->strtab + sym->st_name : "";
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1006,6 +1005,7 @@ static void default_mismatch_handler(const char *modname, struct elf_info *elf,
 	Elf_Sym *from;
 	const char *tosym;
 	const char *fromsym;
+	char taddr_str[16];
 
 	from = find_fromsym(elf, faddr, fsecndx);
 	fromsym = sym_name(elf, from);
@@ -1019,10 +1019,17 @@ static void default_mismatch_handler(const char *modname, struct elf_info *elf,
 
 	sec_mismatch_count++;
 
-	warn("%s: section mismatch in reference: %s+0x%x (section: %s) -> %s (section: %s)\n",
-	     modname, fromsym,
-	     (unsigned int)(faddr - (from ? from->st_value : 0)),
-	     fromsec, tosym, tosec);
+	if (!tosym[0])
+		snprintf(taddr_str, sizeof(taddr_str), "0x%x", (unsigned int)taddr);
+
+	/*
+	 * The format for the reference source:      <symbol_name>+<offset> or <address>
+	 * The format for the reference destination: <symbol_name>          or <address>
+	 */
+	warn("%s: section mismatch in reference: %s%s0x%x (section: %s) -> %s (section: %s)\n",
+	     modname, fromsym, fromsym[0] ? "+" : "",
+	     (unsigned int)(faddr - (fromsym[0] ? from->st_value : 0)),
+	     fromsec, tosym[0] ? tosym : taddr_str, tosec);
 
 	if (mismatch->mismatch == EXTABLE_TO_NON_TEXT) {
 		if (match(tosec, mismatch->bad_tosec))
@@ -1662,7 +1669,7 @@ void buf_write(struct buffer *buf, const char *s, int len)
 {
 	if (buf->size - buf->pos < len) {
 		buf->size += len + SZ;
-		buf->p = NOFAIL(realloc(buf->p, buf->size));
+		buf->p = xrealloc(buf->p, buf->size);
 	}
 	strncpy(buf->p + buf->pos, s, len);
 	buf->pos += len;
@@ -1677,7 +1684,7 @@ static void check_exports(struct module *mod)
 		exp = find_symbol(s->name);
 		if (!exp) {
 			if (!s->weak && nr_unresolved++ < MAX_UNRESOLVED_REPORTS)
-				modpost_log(warn_unresolved ? LOG_WARN : LOG_ERROR,
+				modpost_log(!warn_unresolved,
 					    "\"%s\" [%s.ko] undefined!\n",
 					    s->name, mod->name);
 			continue;
@@ -1700,7 +1707,7 @@ static void check_exports(struct module *mod)
 			basename = mod->name;
 
 		if (!contains_namespace(&mod->imported_namespaces, exp->namespace)) {
-			modpost_log(allow_missing_ns_imports ? LOG_WARN : LOG_ERROR,
+			modpost_log(!allow_missing_ns_imports,
 				    "module %s uses symbol %s from namespace %s, but does not import it.\n",
 				    basename, exp->name, exp->namespace);
 			add_namespace(&mod->missing_namespaces, exp->namespace);
@@ -1748,26 +1755,9 @@ static void check_modname_len(struct module *mod)
 static void add_header(struct buffer *b, struct module *mod)
 {
 	buf_printf(b, "#include <linux/module.h>\n");
-	/*
-	 * Include build-salt.h after module.h in order to
-	 * inherit the definitions.
-	 */
-	buf_printf(b, "#define INCLUDE_VERMAGIC\n");
-	buf_printf(b, "#include <linux/build-salt.h>\n");
-	buf_printf(b, "#include <linux/elfnote-lto.h>\n");
 	buf_printf(b, "#include <linux/export-internal.h>\n");
-	buf_printf(b, "#include <linux/vermagic.h>\n");
 	buf_printf(b, "#include <linux/compiler.h>\n");
 	buf_printf(b, "\n");
-	buf_printf(b, "#ifdef CONFIG_UNWINDER_ORC\n");
-	buf_printf(b, "#include <asm/orc_header.h>\n");
-	buf_printf(b, "ORC_HEADER;\n");
-	buf_printf(b, "#endif\n");
-	buf_printf(b, "\n");
-	buf_printf(b, "BUILD_SALT;\n");
-	buf_printf(b, "BUILD_LTO_INFO;\n");
-	buf_printf(b, "\n");
-	buf_printf(b, "MODULE_INFO(vermagic, VERMAGIC_STRING);\n");
 	buf_printf(b, "MODULE_INFO(name, KBUILD_MODNAME);\n");
 	buf_printf(b, "\n");
 	buf_printf(b, "__visible struct module __this_module\n");
@@ -1785,12 +1775,6 @@ static void add_header(struct buffer *b, struct module *mod)
 	if (!external_module)
 		buf_printf(b, "\nMODULE_INFO(intree, \"Y\");\n");
 
-	buf_printf(b,
-		   "\n"
-		   "#ifdef CONFIG_MITIGATION_RETPOLINE\n"
-		   "MODULE_INFO(retpoline, \"Y\");\n"
-		   "#endif\n");
-
 	if (strstarts(mod->name, "drivers/staging"))
 		buf_printf(b, "\nMODULE_INFO(staging, \"Y\");\n");
 
@@ -1947,7 +1931,7 @@ static void write_if_changed(struct buffer *b, const char *fname)
 	if (st.st_size != b->pos)
 		goto close_write;
 
-	tmp = NOFAIL(malloc(b->pos));
+	tmp = xmalloc(b->pos);
 	if (fread(tmp, 1, b->pos, file) != b->pos)
 		goto free_write;
 
@@ -2117,6 +2101,25 @@ struct dump_list {
 	const char *file;
 };
 
+static void check_host_endian(void)
+{
+	static const union {
+		short s;
+		char c[2];
+	} endian_test = { .c = {0x01, 0x02} };
+
+	switch (endian_test.s) {
+	case 0x0102:
+		host_is_big_endian = true;
+		break;
+	case 0x0201:
+		host_is_big_endian = false;
+		break;
+	default:
+		fatal("Unknown host endian\n");
+	}
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	struct module *mod;
@@ -2133,7 +2136,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			external_module = true;
 			break;
 		case 'i':
-			dl = NOFAIL(malloc(sizeof(*dl)));
+			dl = xmalloc(sizeof(*dl));
 			dl->file = optarg;
 			list_add_tail(&dl->list, &dump_lists);
 			break;
@@ -2181,6 +2184,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		}
 	}
 
+	check_host_endian();
+
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(dl, dl2, &dump_lists, list) {
 		read_dump(dl->file);
 		list_del(&dl->list);
diff --git a/scripts/mod/modpost.h b/scripts/mod/modpost.h
index 58197b34a3c8..ada3a36cc4bc 100644
--- a/scripts/mod/modpost.h
+++ b/scripts/mod/modpost.h
@@ -62,22 +62,11 @@
 		    x); \
 })
 
-#if KERNEL_ELFDATA != HOST_ELFDATA
-
-#define TO_NATIVE(x) (bswap(x))
-
-#else /* endianness matches */
-
-#define TO_NATIVE(x) (x)
-
-#endif
-
-#define NOFAIL(ptr)   do_nofail((ptr), #ptr)
+#define TO_NATIVE(x)	\
+	(target_is_big_endian == host_is_big_endian ? x : bswap(x))
 
 #define ARRAY_SIZE(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof((arr)[0]))
 
-void *do_nofail(void *ptr, const char *expr);
-
 struct buffer {
 	char *p;
 	int pos;
@@ -187,17 +176,14 @@ void add_moddevtable(struct buffer *buf, struct module *mod);
 void get_src_version(const char *modname, char sum[], unsigned sumlen);
 
 /* from modpost.c */
+extern bool target_is_big_endian;
+extern bool host_is_big_endian;
 char *read_text_file(const char *filename);
 char *get_line(char **stringp);
 void *sym_get_data(const struct elf_info *info, const Elf_Sym *sym);
 
-enum loglevel {
-	LOG_WARN,
-	LOG_ERROR,
-};
-
 void __attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)))
-modpost_log(enum loglevel loglevel, const char *fmt, ...);
+modpost_log(bool is_error, const char *fmt, ...);
 
 /*
  * warn - show the given message, then let modpost continue running, still
@@ -212,6 +198,6 @@ modpost_log(enum loglevel loglevel, const char *fmt, ...);
  * fatal - show the given message, and bail out immediately. This should be
  *         used when there is no point to continue running modpost.
  */
-#define warn(fmt, args...)	modpost_log(LOG_WARN, fmt, ##args)
-#define error(fmt, args...)	modpost_log(LOG_ERROR, fmt, ##args)
+#define warn(fmt, args...)	modpost_log(false, fmt, ##args)
+#define error(fmt, args...)	modpost_log(true, fmt, ##args)
 #define fatal(fmt, args...)	do { error(fmt, ##args); exit(1); } while (1)
diff --git a/scripts/mod/sumversion.c b/scripts/mod/sumversion.c
index dc4878502276..e7d2da45b0df 100644
--- a/scripts/mod/sumversion.c
+++ b/scripts/mod/sumversion.c
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <limits.h>
+
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "modpost.h"
 
 /*
@@ -305,7 +307,7 @@ static int parse_source_files(const char *objfile, struct md4_ctx *md)
 	const char *base;
 	int dirlen, ret = 0, check_files = 0;
 
-	cmd = NOFAIL(malloc(strlen(objfile) + sizeof("..cmd")));
+	cmd = xmalloc(strlen(objfile) + sizeof("..cmd"));
 
 	base = strrchr(objfile, '/');
 	if (base) {
@@ -316,7 +318,7 @@ static int parse_source_files(const char *objfile, struct md4_ctx *md)
 		dirlen = 0;
 		sprintf(cmd, ".%s.cmd", objfile);
 	}
-	dir = NOFAIL(malloc(dirlen + 1));
+	dir = xmalloc(dirlen + 1);
 	strncpy(dir, objfile, dirlen);
 	dir[dirlen] = '\0';
 
diff --git a/scripts/mod/symsearch.c b/scripts/mod/symsearch.c
index aa4ed51f9960..b9737b92f7f8 100644
--- a/scripts/mod/symsearch.c
+++ b/scripts/mod/symsearch.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * Helper functions for finding the symbol in an ELF which is "nearest"
  * to a given address.
  */
-
+#include <xalloc.h>
 #include "modpost.h"
 
 struct syminfo {
@@ -125,8 +125,8 @@ void symsearch_init(struct elf_info *elf)
 {
 	unsigned int table_size = symbol_count(elf);
 
-	elf->symsearch = NOFAIL(malloc(sizeof(struct symsearch) +
-				       sizeof(struct syminfo) * table_size));
+	elf->symsearch = xmalloc(sizeof(struct symsearch) +
+				       sizeof(struct syminfo) * table_size);
 	elf->symsearch->table_size = table_size;
 
 	symsearch_populate(elf, elf->symsearch->table, table_size);
diff --git a/scripts/module-common.c b/scripts/module-common.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..12fbc6d3aae8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/module-common.c
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+/*
+ * Include build-salt.h after module.h in order to
+ * inherit the definitions.
+ */
+#define INCLUDE_VERMAGIC
+#include <linux/build-salt.h>
+#include <linux/elfnote-lto.h>
+#include <linux/vermagic.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_UNWINDER_ORC
+#include <asm/orc_header.h>
+ORC_HEADER;
+#endif
+
+BUILD_SALT;
+BUILD_LTO_INFO;
+
+MODULE_INFO(vermagic, VERMAGIC_STRING);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_MITIGATION_RETPOLINE
+MODULE_INFO(retpoline, "Y");
+#endif
diff --git a/scripts/package/PKGBUILD b/scripts/package/PKGBUILD
index 663ce300dd06..f83493838cf9 100644
--- a/scripts/package/PKGBUILD
+++ b/scripts/package/PKGBUILD
@@ -3,10 +3,13 @@
 # Contributor: Jan Alexander Steffens (heftig) <heftig@archlinux.org>
 
 pkgbase=${PACMAN_PKGBASE:-linux-upstream}
-pkgname=("${pkgbase}" "${pkgbase}-api-headers")
-if grep -q CONFIG_MODULES=y include/config/auto.conf; then
-	pkgname+=("${pkgbase}-headers")
-fi
+pkgname=("${pkgbase}")
+
+_extrapackages=${PACMAN_EXTRAPACKAGES-headers api-headers debug}
+for pkg in $_extrapackages; do
+	pkgname+=("${pkgbase}-${pkg}")
+done
+
 pkgver="${KERNELRELEASE//-/_}"
 # The PKGBUILD is evaluated multiple times.
 # Running scripts/build-version from here would introduce inconsistencies.
@@ -33,11 +36,17 @@ makedepends=(
 )
 options=(!debug !strip !buildflags !makeflags)
 
-build() {
+_prologue() {
 	# MAKEFLAGS from makepkg.conf override the ones inherited from kbuild.
 	# Bypass this override with a custom variable.
 	export MAKEFLAGS="${KBUILD_MAKEFLAGS}"
-	cd "${objtree}"
+
+	# Kbuild works in the output directory, where this PKGBUILD is located.
+	cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")"
+}
+
+build() {
+	_prologue
 
 	${MAKE} KERNELRELEASE="${KERNELRELEASE}" KBUILD_BUILD_VERSION="${pkgrel}"
 }
@@ -45,10 +54,10 @@ build() {
 _package() {
 	pkgdesc="The ${pkgdesc} kernel and modules"
 
-	export MAKEFLAGS="${KBUILD_MAKEFLAGS}"
-	cd "${objtree}"
 	local modulesdir="${pkgdir}/usr/${MODLIB}"
 
+	_prologue
+
 	echo "Installing boot image..."
 	# systemd expects to find the kernel here to allow hibernation
 	# https://github.com/systemd/systemd/commit/edda44605f06a41fb86b7ab8128dcf99161d2344
@@ -73,14 +82,17 @@ _package() {
 _package-headers() {
 	pkgdesc="Headers and scripts for building modules for the ${pkgdesc} kernel"
 
-	export MAKEFLAGS="${KBUILD_MAKEFLAGS}"
-	cd "${objtree}"
 	local builddir="${pkgdir}/usr/${MODLIB}/build"
 
-	echo "Installing build files..."
-	"${srctree}/scripts/package/install-extmod-build" "${builddir}"
+	_prologue
+
+	if grep -q CONFIG_MODULES=y include/config/auto.conf; then
+		echo "Installing build files..."
+		"${srctree}/scripts/package/install-extmod-build" "${builddir}"
+	fi
 
 	echo "Installing System.map and config..."
+	mkdir -p "${builddir}"
 	cp System.map "${builddir}/System.map"
 	cp .config "${builddir}/.config"
 
@@ -94,12 +106,24 @@ _package-api-headers() {
 	provides=(linux-api-headers)
 	conflicts=(linux-api-headers)
 
-	export MAKEFLAGS="${KBUILD_MAKEFLAGS}"
-	cd "${objtree}"
+	_prologue
 
 	${MAKE} headers_install INSTALL_HDR_PATH="${pkgdir}/usr"
 }
 
+_package-debug(){
+	pkgdesc="Non-stripped vmlinux file for the ${pkgdesc} kernel"
+
+	local debugdir="${pkgdir}/usr/src/debug/${pkgbase}"
+	local builddir="${pkgdir}/usr/${MODLIB}/build"
+
+	_prologue
+
+	install -Dt "${debugdir}" -m644 vmlinux
+	mkdir -p "${builddir}"
+	ln -sr "${debugdir}/vmlinux" "${builddir}/vmlinux"
+}
+
 for _p in "${pkgname[@]}"; do
 	eval "package_$_p() {
 		$(declare -f "_package${_p#$pkgbase}")
diff --git a/scripts/package/install-extmod-build b/scripts/package/install-extmod-build
index 8cc9e13403ae..d2c9cacecc0c 100755
--- a/scripts/package/install-extmod-build
+++ b/scripts/package/install-extmod-build
@@ -9,15 +9,22 @@ is_enabled() {
 	grep -q "^$1=y" include/config/auto.conf
 }
 
+find_in_scripts() {
+	find scripts \
+		\( -name atomic -o -name dtc -o -name kconfig -o -name package \) -prune -o \
+		! -name unifdef -a ! -name mk_elfconfig -a \( -type f -o -type l \) -print
+}
+
 mkdir -p "${destdir}"
 
 (
 	cd "${srctree}"
 	echo Makefile
 	find "arch/${SRCARCH}" -maxdepth 1 -name 'Makefile*'
-	find include scripts -type f -o -type l
+	find "arch/${SRCARCH}" -name generated -prune -o -name include -type d -print
 	find "arch/${SRCARCH}" -name Kbuild.platforms -o -name Platform
-	find "arch/${SRCARCH}" -name include -type d
+	find include \( -name config -o -name generated \) -prune -o \( -type f -o -type l \) -print
+	find_in_scripts
 ) | tar -c -f - -C "${srctree}" -T - | tar -xf - -C "${destdir}"
 
 {
@@ -25,12 +32,50 @@ mkdir -p "${destdir}"
 		echo tools/objtool/objtool
 	fi
 
-	find "arch/${SRCARCH}/include" Module.symvers include scripts -type f
+	echo Module.symvers
+	echo "arch/${SRCARCH}/include/generated"
+	echo include/config/auto.conf
+	echo include/config/kernel.release
+	echo include/generated
+	find_in_scripts
 
 	if is_enabled CONFIG_GCC_PLUGINS; then
 		find scripts/gcc-plugins -name '*.so'
 	fi
 } | tar -c -f - -T - | tar -xf - -C "${destdir}"
 
-# copy .config manually to be where it's expected to be
-cp "${KCONFIG_CONFIG}" "${destdir}/.config"
+# When ${CC} and ${HOSTCC} differ, we are likely cross-compiling. Rebuild host
+# programs using ${CC}. This assumes CC=${CROSS_COMPILE}gcc, which is usually
+# the case for package building. It does not cross-compile when CC=clang.
+#
+# This caters to host programs that participate in Kbuild. objtool and
+# resolve_btfids are out of scope.
+if [ "${CC}" != "${HOSTCC}" ] && is_enabled CONFIG_CC_CAN_LINK; then
+	echo "Rebuilding host programs with ${CC}..."
+
+	cat <<-'EOF' >  "${destdir}/Kbuild"
+	subdir-y := scripts
+	EOF
+
+	# HOSTCXX is not overridden. The C++ compiler is used to build:
+	# - scripts/kconfig/qconf, which is unneeded for external module builds
+	# - GCC plugins, which will not work on the installed system even after
+	#   being rebuilt.
+	#
+	# Use the single-target build to avoid the modpost invocation, which
+	# would overwrite Module.symvers.
+	"${MAKE}" HOSTCC="${CC}" KBUILD_EXTMOD="${destdir}" scripts/
+
+	cat <<-'EOF' >  "${destdir}/scripts/Kbuild"
+	subdir-y := basic
+	hostprogs-always-y := mod/modpost
+	mod/modpost-objs := $(addprefix mod/, modpost.o file2alias.o sumversion.o symsearch.o)
+	EOF
+
+	# Run once again to rebuild scripts/basic/ and scripts/mod/modpost.
+	"${MAKE}" HOSTCC="${CC}" KBUILD_EXTMOD="${destdir}" scripts/
+
+	rm -f "${destdir}/Kbuild" "${destdir}/scripts/Kbuild"
+fi
+
+find "${destdir}" \( -name '.*.cmd' -o -name '*.o' \) -delete
diff --git a/scripts/subarch.include b/scripts/subarch.include
index 4bd327d0ae42..c4592d59d69b 100644
--- a/scripts/subarch.include
+++ b/scripts/subarch.include
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 SUBARCH := $(shell uname -m | sed -e s/i.86/x86/ -e s/x86_64/x86/ \
 				  -e s/sun4u/sparc64/ \
-				  -e s/arm.*/arm/ -e s/sa110/arm/ \
+				  -e /^arm64$$/!s/arm.*/arm/ -e s/sa110/arm/ \
 				  -e s/s390x/s390/ \
 				  -e s/ppc.*/powerpc/ -e s/mips.*/mips/ \
 				  -e s/sh[234].*/sh/ -e s/aarch64.*/arm64/ \
diff --git a/scripts/verify_builtin_ranges.awk b/scripts/verify_builtin_ranges.awk
new file mode 100755
index 000000000000..0de7ed521601
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/verify_builtin_ranges.awk
@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+#!/usr/bin/gawk -f
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+# verify_builtin_ranges.awk: Verify address range data for builtin modules
+# Written by Kris Van Hees <kris.van.hees@oracle.com>
+#
+# Usage: verify_builtin_ranges.awk modules.builtin.ranges System.map \
+#				   modules.builtin vmlinux.map vmlinux.o.map
+#
+
+# Return the module name(s) (if any) associated with the given object.
+#
+# If we have seen this object before, return information from the cache.
+# Otherwise, retrieve it from the corresponding .cmd file.
+#
+function get_module_info(fn, mod, obj, s) {
+	if (fn in omod)
+		return omod[fn];
+
+	if (match(fn, /\/[^/]+$/) == 0)
+		return "";
+
+	obj = fn;
+	mod = "";
+	fn = substr(fn, 1, RSTART) "." substr(fn, RSTART + 1) ".cmd";
+	if (getline s <fn == 1) {
+		if (match(s, /DKBUILD_MODFILE=['"]+[^'"]+/) > 0) {
+			mod = substr(s, RSTART + 16, RLENGTH - 16);
+			gsub(/['"]/, "", mod);
+		} else if (match(s, /RUST_MODFILE=[^ ]+/) > 0)
+			mod = substr(s, RSTART + 13, RLENGTH - 13);
+	} else {
+		print "ERROR: Failed to read: " fn "\n\n" \
+		      "  For kernels built with O=<objdir>, cd to <objdir>\n" \
+		      "  and execute this script as ./source/scripts/..." \
+		      >"/dev/stderr";
+		close(fn);
+		total = 0;
+		exit(1);
+	}
+	close(fn);
+
+	# A single module (common case) also reflects objects that are not part
+	# of a module.  Some of those objects have names that are also a module
+	# name (e.g. core).  We check the associated module file name, and if
+	# they do not match, the object is not part of a module.
+	if (mod !~ / /) {
+		if (!(mod in mods))
+			mod = "";
+	}
+
+	gsub(/([^/ ]*\/)+/, "", mod);
+	gsub(/-/, "_", mod);
+
+	# At this point, mod is a single (valid) module name, or a list of
+	# module names (that do not need validation).
+	omod[obj] = mod;
+
+	return mod;
+}
+
+# Return a representative integer value for a given hexadecimal address.
+#
+# Since all kernel addresses fall within the same memory region, we can safely
+# strip off the first 6 hex digits before performing the hex-to-dec conversion,
+# thereby avoiding integer overflows.
+#
+function addr2val(val) {
+	sub(/^0x/, "", val);
+	if (length(val) == 16)
+		val = substr(val, 5);
+	return strtonum("0x" val);
+}
+
+# Determine the kernel build directory to use (default is .).
+#
+BEGIN {
+	if (ARGC < 6) {
+		print "Syntax: verify_builtin_ranges.awk <ranges-file> <system-map>\n" \
+		      "          <builtin-file> <vmlinux-map> <vmlinux-o-map>\n" \
+		      >"/dev/stderr";
+		total = 0;
+		exit(1);
+	}
+}
+
+# (1) Load the built-in module address range data.
+#
+ARGIND == 1 {
+	ranges[FNR] = $0;
+	rcnt++;
+	next;
+}
+
+# (2) Annotate System.map symbols with module names.
+#
+ARGIND == 2 {
+	addr = addr2val($1);
+	name = $3;
+
+	while (addr >= mod_eaddr) {
+		if (sect_symb) {
+			if (sect_symb != name)
+				next;
+
+			sect_base = addr - sect_off;
+			if (dbg)
+				printf "[%s] BASE (%s) %016x - %016x = %016x\n", sect_name, sect_symb, addr, sect_off, sect_base >"/dev/stderr";
+			sect_symb = 0;
+		}
+
+		if (++ridx > rcnt)
+			break;
+
+		$0 = ranges[ridx];
+		sub(/-/, " ");
+		if ($4 != "=") {
+			sub(/-/, " ");
+			mod_saddr = strtonum("0x" $2) + sect_base;
+			mod_eaddr = strtonum("0x" $3) + sect_base;
+			$1 = $2 = $3 = "";
+			sub(/^ +/, "");
+			mod_name = $0;
+
+			if (dbg)
+				printf "[%s] %s from %016x to %016x\n", sect_name, mod_name, mod_saddr, mod_eaddr >"/dev/stderr";
+		} else {
+			sect_name = $1;
+			sect_off = strtonum("0x" $2);
+			sect_symb = $5;
+		}
+	}
+
+	idx = addr"-"name;
+	if (addr >= mod_saddr && addr < mod_eaddr)
+		sym2mod[idx] = mod_name;
+
+	next;
+}
+
+# Once we are done annotating the System.map, we no longer need the ranges data.
+#
+FNR == 1 && ARGIND == 3 {
+	delete ranges;
+}
+
+# (3) Build a lookup map of built-in module names.
+#
+# Lines from modules.builtin will be like:
+#	kernel/crypto/lzo-rle.ko
+# and we record the object name "crypto/lzo-rle".
+#
+ARGIND == 3 {
+	sub(/kernel\//, "");			# strip off "kernel/" prefix
+	sub(/\.ko$/, "");			# strip off .ko suffix
+
+	mods[$1] = 1;
+	next;
+}
+
+# (4) Get a list of symbols (per object).
+#
+# Symbols by object are read from vmlinux.map, with fallback to vmlinux.o.map
+# if vmlinux is found to have inked in vmlinux.o.
+#
+
+# If we were able to get the data we need from vmlinux.map, there is no need to
+# process vmlinux.o.map.
+#
+FNR == 1 && ARGIND == 5 && total > 0 {
+	if (dbg)
+		printf "Note: %s is not needed.\n", FILENAME >"/dev/stderr";
+	exit;
+}
+
+# First determine whether we are dealing with a GNU ld or LLVM lld linker map.
+#
+ARGIND >= 4 && FNR == 1 && NF == 7 && $1 == "VMA" && $7 == "Symbol" {
+	map_is_lld = 1;
+	next;
+}
+
+# (LLD) Convert a section record fronm lld format to ld format.
+#
+ARGIND >= 4 && map_is_lld && NF == 5 && /[0-9] [^ ]+$/ {
+	$0 = $5 " 0x"$1 " 0x"$3 " load address 0x"$2;
+}
+
+# (LLD) Convert an object record from lld format to ld format.
+#
+ARGIND >= 4 && map_is_lld && NF == 5 && $5 ~ /:\(/ {
+	if (/\.a\(/ && !/ vmlinux\.a\(/)
+		next;
+
+	gsub(/\)/, "");
+	sub(/:\(/, " ");
+	sub(/ vmlinux\.a\(/, " ");
+	$0 = " "$6 " 0x"$1 " 0x"$3 " " $5;
+}
+
+# (LLD) Convert a symbol record from lld format to ld format.
+#
+ARGIND >= 4 && map_is_lld && NF == 5 && $5 ~ /^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*$/ {
+	$0 = "  0x" $1 " " $5;
+}
+
+# (LLD) We do not need any other ldd linker map records.
+#
+ARGIND >= 4 && map_is_lld && /^[0-9a-f]{16} / {
+	next;
+}
+
+# Handle section records with long section names (spilling onto a 2nd line).
+#
+ARGIND >= 4 && !map_is_lld && NF == 1 && /^[^ ]/ {
+	s = $0;
+	getline;
+	$0 = s " " $0;
+}
+
+# Next section - previous one is done.
+#
+ARGIND >= 4 && /^[^ ]/ {
+	sect = 0;
+}
+
+# Get the (top level) section name.
+#
+ARGIND >= 4 && /^\./ {
+	# Explicitly ignore a few sections that are not relevant here.
+	if ($1 ~ /^\.orc_/ || $1 ~ /_sites$/ || $1 ~ /\.percpu/)
+		next;
+
+	# Sections with a 0-address can be ignored as well (in vmlinux.map).
+	if (ARGIND == 4 && $2 ~ /^0x0+$/)
+		next;
+
+	sect = $1;
+
+	next;
+}
+
+# If we are not currently in a section we care about, ignore records.
+#
+!sect {
+	next;
+}
+
+# Handle object records with long section names (spilling onto a 2nd line).
+#
+ARGIND >= 4 && /^ [^ \*]/ && NF == 1 {
+	# If the section name is long, the remainder of the entry is found on
+	# the next line.
+	s = $0;
+	getline;
+	$0 = s " " $0;
+}
+
+# Objects linked in from static libraries are ignored.
+# If the object is vmlinux.o, we need to consult vmlinux.o.map for per-object
+# symbol information
+#
+ARGIND == 4 && /^ [^ ]/ && NF == 4 {
+	if ($4 ~ /\.a\(/)
+		next;
+
+	idx = sect":"$1;
+	if (!(idx in sect_addend)) {
+		sect_addend[idx] = addr2val($2);
+		if (dbg)
+			printf "ADDEND %s = %016x\n", idx, sect_addend[idx] >"/dev/stderr";
+	}
+	if ($4 == "vmlinux.o") {
+		need_o_map = 1;
+		next;
+	}
+}
+
+# If data from vmlinux.o.map is needed, we only process section and object
+# records from vmlinux.map to determine which section we need to pay attention
+# to in vmlinux.o.map.  So skip everything else from vmlinux.map.
+#
+ARGIND == 4 && need_o_map {
+	next;
+}
+
+# Get module information for the current object.
+#
+ARGIND >= 4 && /^ [^ ]/ && NF == 4 {
+	msect = $1;
+	mod_name = get_module_info($4);
+	mod_eaddr = addr2val($2) + addr2val($3);
+
+	next;
+}
+
+# Process a symbol record.
+#
+# Evaluate the module information obtained from vmlinux.map (or vmlinux.o.map)
+# as follows:
+#  - For all symbols in a given object:
+#     - If the symbol is annotated with the same module name(s) that the object
+#       belongs to, count it as a match.
+#     - Otherwise:
+#        - If the symbol is known to have duplicates of which at least one is
+#          in a built-in module, disregard it.
+#        - If the symbol us not annotated with any module name(s) AND the
+#          object belongs to built-in modules, count it as missing.
+#        - Otherwise, count it as a mismatch.
+#
+ARGIND >= 4 && /^ / && NF == 2 && $1 ~ /^0x/ {
+	idx = sect":"msect;
+	if (!(idx in sect_addend))
+		next;
+
+	addr = addr2val($1);
+
+	# Handle the rare but annoying case where a 0-size symbol is placed at
+	# the byte *after* the module range.  Based on vmlinux.map it will be
+	# considered part of the current object, but it falls just beyond the
+	# module address range.  Unfortunately, its address could be at the
+	# start of another built-in module, so the only safe thing to do is to
+	# ignore it.
+	if (mod_name && addr == mod_eaddr)
+		next;
+
+	# If we are processing vmlinux.o.map, we need to apply the base address
+	# of the section to the relative address on the record.
+	#
+	if (ARGIND == 5)
+		addr += sect_addend[idx];
+
+	idx = addr"-"$2;
+	mod = "";
+	if (idx in sym2mod) {
+		mod = sym2mod[idx];
+		if (sym2mod[idx] == mod_name) {
+			mod_matches++;
+			matches++;
+		} else if (mod_name == "") {
+			print $2 " in " mod " (should NOT be)";
+			mismatches++;
+		} else {
+			print $2 " in " mod " (should be " mod_name ")";
+			mismatches++;
+		}
+	} else if (mod_name != "") {
+		print $2 " should be in " mod_name;
+		missing++;
+	} else
+		matches++;
+
+	total++;
+
+	next;
+}
+
+# Issue the comparison report.
+#
+END {
+	if (total) {
+		printf "Verification of %s:\n", ARGV[1];
+		printf "  Correct matches:  %6d (%d%% of total)\n", matches, 100 * matches / total;
+		printf "    Module matches: %6d (%d%% of matches)\n", mod_matches, 100 * mod_matches / matches;
+		printf "  Mismatches:       %6d (%d%% of total)\n", mismatches, 100 * mismatches / total;
+		printf "  Missing:          %6d (%d%% of total)\n", missing, 100 * missing / total;
+
+		if (mismatches || missing)
+			exit(1);
+	}
+}