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| author | Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> | 2023-04-08 10:51:12 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> | 2023-04-08 10:51:12 -0700 |
| commit | 6fda0bb806fa77c9cfe12cdcbbd8cbbe946b9c37 (patch) | |
| tree | 210209ed6927e88d103ca3044b0ebea5519f476f /Documentation | |
| parent | aa318c48808c0aa73216bd94c54c4553d3663add (diff) | |
| parent | c45ea315a602d45569b08b93e9ab30f6a63a38aa (diff) | |
Merge tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2023-04-07-16-23' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull MM fixes from Andrew Morton:
"28 hotfixes.
23 are cc:stable and the other five address issues which were
introduced during this merge cycle.
20 are for MM and the remainder are for other subsystems"
* tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2023-04-07-16-23' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (28 commits)
maple_tree: fix a potential concurrency bug in RCU mode
maple_tree: fix get wrong data_end in mtree_lookup_walk()
mm/swap: fix swap_info_struct race between swapoff and get_swap_pages()
nilfs2: fix sysfs interface lifetime
mm: take a page reference when removing device exclusive entries
mm: vmalloc: avoid warn_alloc noise caused by fatal signal
nilfs2: initialize "struct nilfs_binfo_dat"->bi_pad field
nilfs2: fix potential UAF of struct nilfs_sc_info in nilfs_segctor_thread()
zsmalloc: document freeable stats
zsmalloc: document new fullness grouping
fsdax: force clear dirty mark if CoW
mm/hugetlb: fix uffd wr-protection for CoW optimization path
mm: enable maple tree RCU mode by default
maple_tree: add RCU lock checking to rcu callback functions
maple_tree: add smp_rmb() to dead node detection
maple_tree: fix write memory barrier of nodes once dead for RCU mode
maple_tree: remove extra smp_wmb() from mas_dead_leaves()
maple_tree: fix freeing of nodes in rcu mode
maple_tree: detect dead nodes in mas_start()
maple_tree: be more cautious about dead nodes
...
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/mm/zsmalloc.rst | 135 |
1 files changed, 76 insertions, 59 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/mm/zsmalloc.rst b/Documentation/mm/zsmalloc.rst index 64d127bfc221..a3c26d587752 100644 --- a/Documentation/mm/zsmalloc.rst +++ b/Documentation/mm/zsmalloc.rst @@ -39,13 +39,12 @@ With CONFIG_ZSMALLOC_STAT, we could see zsmalloc internal information via # cat /sys/kernel/debug/zsmalloc/zram0/classes - class size almost_full almost_empty obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage + class size 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 99% 100% obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable ... ... - 9 176 0 1 186 129 8 4 - 10 192 1 0 2880 2872 135 3 - 11 208 0 1 819 795 42 2 - 12 224 0 1 219 159 12 4 + 30 512 0 12 4 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 414 3464 3346 433 1 14 + 31 528 2 7 2 2 1 0 1 0 0 2 117 4154 3793 536 4 44 + 32 544 6 3 4 1 2 1 0 0 0 1 260 4170 3965 556 2 26 ... ... @@ -54,10 +53,28 @@ class index size object size zspage stores -almost_empty - the number of ZS_ALMOST_EMPTY zspages(see below) -almost_full - the number of ZS_ALMOST_FULL zspages(see below) +10% + the number of zspages with usage ratio less than 10% (see below) +20% + the number of zspages with usage ratio between 10% and 20% +30% + the number of zspages with usage ratio between 20% and 30% +40% + the number of zspages with usage ratio between 30% and 40% +50% + the number of zspages with usage ratio between 40% and 50% +60% + the number of zspages with usage ratio between 50% and 60% +70% + the number of zspages with usage ratio between 60% and 70% +80% + the number of zspages with usage ratio between 70% and 80% +90% + the number of zspages with usage ratio between 80% and 90% +99% + the number of zspages with usage ratio between 90% and 99% +100% + the number of zspages with usage ratio 100% obj_allocated the number of objects allocated obj_used @@ -66,19 +83,14 @@ pages_used the number of pages allocated for the class pages_per_zspage the number of 0-order pages to make a zspage +freeable + the approximate number of pages class compaction can free -We assign a zspage to ZS_ALMOST_EMPTY fullness group when n <= N / f, where - -* n = number of allocated objects -* N = total number of objects zspage can store -* f = fullness_threshold_frac(ie, 4 at the moment) - -Similarly, we assign zspage to: - -* ZS_ALMOST_FULL when n > N / f -* ZS_EMPTY when n == 0 -* ZS_FULL when n == N - +Each zspage maintains inuse counter which keeps track of the number of +objects stored in the zspage. The inuse counter determines the zspage's +"fullness group" which is calculated as the ratio of the "inuse" objects to +the total number of objects the zspage can hold (objs_per_zspage). The +closer the inuse counter is to objs_per_zspage, the better. Internals ========= @@ -94,10 +106,10 @@ of objects that each zspage can store. For instance, consider the following size classes::: - class size almost_full almost_empty obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable + class size 10% .... 100% obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable ... - 94 1536 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 - 100 1632 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 + 94 1536 0 .... 0 0 0 0 3 0 + 100 1632 0 .... 0 0 0 0 2 0 ... @@ -134,10 +146,11 @@ reduces memory wastage. Let's take a closer look at the bottom of `/sys/kernel/debug/zsmalloc/zramX/classes`::: - class size almost_full almost_empty obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable + class size 10% .... 100% obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable + ... - 202 3264 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 - 254 4096 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 + 202 3264 0 .. 0 0 0 0 4 0 + 254 4096 0 .. 0 0 0 0 1 0 ... Size class #202 stores objects of size 3264 bytes and has a maximum of 4 pages @@ -151,40 +164,42 @@ efficient storage of large objects. For zspage chain size of 8, huge class watermark becomes 3632 bytes::: - class size almost_full almost_empty obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable + class size 10% .... 100% obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable + ... - 202 3264 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 - 211 3408 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 - 217 3504 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 - 222 3584 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 - 225 3632 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 - 254 4096 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 + 202 3264 0 .. 0 0 0 0 4 0 + 211 3408 0 .. 0 0 0 0 5 0 + 217 3504 0 .. 0 0 0 0 6 0 + 222 3584 0 .. 0 0 0 0 7 0 + 225 3632 0 .. 0 0 0 0 8 0 + 254 4096 0 .. 0 0 0 0 1 0 ... For zspage chain size of 16, huge class watermark becomes 3840 bytes::: - class size almost_full almost_empty obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable + class size 10% .... 100% obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable + ... - 202 3264 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 - 206 3328 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 - 207 3344 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 - 208 3360 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 - 211 3408 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 - 212 3424 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 - 214 3456 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 - 217 3504 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 - 219 3536 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 - 222 3584 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 - 223 3600 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 - 225 3632 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 - 228 3680 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 - 230 3712 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 - 232 3744 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 - 234 3776 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 - 235 3792 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 - 236 3808 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 - 238 3840 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 - 254 4096 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 + 202 3264 0 .. 0 0 0 0 4 0 + 206 3328 0 .. 0 0 0 0 13 0 + 207 3344 0 .. 0 0 0 0 9 0 + 208 3360 0 .. 0 0 0 0 14 0 + 211 3408 0 .. 0 0 0 0 5 0 + 212 3424 0 .. 0 0 0 0 16 0 + 214 3456 0 .. 0 0 0 0 11 0 + 217 3504 0 .. 0 0 0 0 6 0 + 219 3536 0 .. 0 0 0 0 13 0 + 222 3584 0 .. 0 0 0 0 7 0 + 223 3600 0 .. 0 0 0 0 15 0 + 225 3632 0 .. 0 0 0 0 8 0 + 228 3680 0 .. 0 0 0 0 9 0 + 230 3712 0 .. 0 0 0 0 10 0 + 232 3744 0 .. 0 0 0 0 11 0 + 234 3776 0 .. 0 0 0 0 12 0 + 235 3792 0 .. 0 0 0 0 13 0 + 236 3808 0 .. 0 0 0 0 14 0 + 238 3840 0 .. 0 0 0 0 15 0 + 254 4096 0 .. 0 0 0 0 1 0 ... Overall the combined zspage chain size effect on zsmalloc pool configuration::: @@ -214,9 +229,10 @@ zram as a build artifacts storage (Linux kernel compilation). zsmalloc classes stats::: - class size almost_full almost_empty obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable + class size 10% .... 100% obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable + ... - Total 13 51 413836 412973 159955 3 + Total 13 .. 51 413836 412973 159955 3 zram mm_stat::: @@ -227,9 +243,10 @@ zram as a build artifacts storage (Linux kernel compilation). zsmalloc classes stats::: - class size almost_full almost_empty obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable + class size 10% .... 100% obj_allocated obj_used pages_used pages_per_zspage freeable + ... - Total 18 87 414852 412978 156666 0 + Total 18 .. 87 414852 412978 156666 0 zram mm_stat::: |