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2024-11-19Compiler Attributes: disable __counted_by for clang < 19.1.3Jan Hendrik Farr
This patch disables __counted_by for clang versions < 19.1.3 because of the two issues listed below. It does this by introducing CONFIG_CC_HAS_COUNTED_BY. 1. clang < 19.1.2 has a bug that can lead to __bdos returning 0: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/110497 2. clang < 19.1.3 has a bug that can lead to __bdos being off by 4: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/112636 Fixes: c8248faf3ca2 ("Compiler Attributes: counted_by: Adjust name and identifier expansion") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 6.6.x: 16c31dd7fdf6: Compiler Attributes: counted_by: bump min gcc version Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 6.6.x: 2993eb7a8d34: Compiler Attributes: counted_by: fixup clang URL Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 6.6.x: 231dc3f0c936: lkdtm/bugs: Improve warning message for compilers without counted_by support Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 6.6.x Reported-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240913164630.GA4091534@thelio-3990X/ Reported-by: kernel test robot <oliver.sang@intel.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-lkp/202409260949.a1254989-oliver.sang@intel.com Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/Zw8iawAF5W2uzGuh@archlinux/T/#m204c09f63c076586a02d194b87dffc7e81b8de7b Suggested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jan Hendrik Farr <kernel@jfarr.cc> Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Thorsten Blum <thorsten.blum@linux.dev> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20241029140036.577804-2-kernel@jfarr.cc Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org>
2024-08-05refcount: Report UAF for refcount_sub_and_test(0) when counter==0Petr Pavlu
When a reference counter is at zero and refcount_sub_and_test() is invoked to subtract zero, the function accepts this request without any warning and returns true. This behavior does not seem ideal because the counter being already at zero indicates a use-after-free. Furthermore, returning true by refcount_sub_and_test() in this case potentially results in a double-free done by its caller. Modify the underlying function __refcount_sub_and_test() to warn about this case as a use-after-free and have it return false to avoid the potential double-free. Signed-off-by: Petr Pavlu <petr.pavlu@suse.com> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240717130023.5675-1-petr.pavlu@suse.com Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org>
2024-06-17lkdtm/bugs: add test for hung smp_call_function_single()Mark Rutland
The CONFIG_CSD_LOCK_WAIT_DEBUG option enables debugging of hung smp_call_function*() calls (e.g. when the target CPU gets stuck within the callback function). Testing this option requires triggering such hangs. This patch adds an lkdtm test with a hung smp_call_function_single() callback, which can be used to test CONFIG_CSD_LOCK_WAIT_DEBUG and NMI backtraces (as CONFIG_CSD_LOCK_WAIT_DEBUG will attempt an NMI backtrace of the hung target CPU). On arm64 using pseudo-NMI, this looks like: | # mount -t debugfs none /sys/kernel/debug/ | # echo SMP_CALL_LOCKUP > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT | lkdtm: Performing direct entry SMP_CALL_LOCKUP | smp: csd: Detected non-responsive CSD lock (#1) on CPU#1, waiting 5000000176 ns for CPU#00 __lkdtm_SMP_CALL_LOCKUP+0x0/0x8(0x0). | smp: csd: CSD lock (#1) handling this request. | Sending NMI from CPU 1 to CPUs 0: | NMI backtrace for cpu 0 | CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.9.0-rc4-00001-gfdfd281212ec #1 | Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) | pstate: 60401005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT +SSBS BTYPE=--) | pc : __lkdtm_SMP_CALL_LOCKUP+0x0/0x8 | lr : __flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x1b0/0x290 | sp : ffff800080003f30 | pmr_save: 00000060 | x29: ffff800080003f30 x28: ffffa4ce961a4900 x27: 0000000000000000 | x26: fff000003fcfa0c0 x25: ffffa4ce961a4900 x24: ffffa4ce959aa140 | x23: ffffa4ce959aa140 x22: 0000000000000000 x21: ffff800080523c40 | x20: 0000000000000000 x19: 0000000000000000 x18: fff05b31aa323000 | x17: fff05b31aa323000 x16: ffff800080000000 x15: 0000330fc3fe6b2c | x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 0000000000000000 x12: 0000000000000279 | x11: 0000000000000040 x10: fff000000302d0a8 x9 : fff000000302d0a0 | x8 : fff0000003400270 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : ffffa4ce9451b810 | x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : fff05b31aa323000 x3 : ffff800080003f30 | x2 : fff05b31aa323000 x1 : ffffa4ce959aa140 x0 : 0000000000000000 | Call trace: | __lkdtm_SMP_CALL_LOCKUP+0x0/0x8 | generic_smp_call_function_single_interrupt+0x14/0x20 | ipi_handler+0xb8/0x178 | handle_percpu_devid_irq+0x84/0x130 | generic_handle_domain_irq+0x2c/0x44 | gic_handle_irq+0x118/0x240 | call_on_irq_stack+0x24/0x4c | do_interrupt_handler+0x80/0x84 | el1_interrupt+0x44/0xc0 | el1h_64_irq_handler+0x18/0x24 | el1h_64_irq+0x78/0x7c | default_idle_call+0x40/0x60 | do_idle+0x23c/0x2d0 | cpu_startup_entry+0x38/0x3c | kernel_init+0x0/0x1d8 | start_kernel+0x51c/0x608 | __primary_switched+0x80/0x88 | CPU: 1 PID: 128 Comm: sh Not tainted 6.9.0-rc4-00001-gfdfd281212ec #1 | Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) | Call trace: | dump_backtrace+0x90/0xe8 | show_stack+0x18/0x24 | dump_stack_lvl+0xac/0xe8 | dump_stack+0x18/0x24 | csd_lock_wait_toolong+0x268/0x338 | smp_call_function_single+0x1dc/0x2f0 | lkdtm_SMP_CALL_LOCKUP+0xcc/0xfc | lkdtm_do_action+0x1c/0x38 | direct_entry+0xbc/0x14c | full_proxy_write+0x60/0xb4 | vfs_write+0xd0/0x35c | ksys_write+0x70/0x104 | __arm64_sys_write+0x1c/0x28 | invoke_syscall+0x48/0x114 | el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x40/0xe0 | do_el0_svc+0x1c/0x28 | el0_svc+0x38/0x108 | el0t_64_sync_handler+0x120/0x12c | el0t_64_sync+0x1a4/0x1a8 | smp: csd: Continued non-responsive CSD lock (#1) on CPU#1, waiting 10000064272 ns for CPU#00 __lkdtm_SMP_CALL_LOCKUP+0x0/0x8(0x0). | smp: csd: CSD lock (#1) handling this request. | smp: csd: Continued non-responsive CSD lock (#1) on CPU#1, waiting 15000064384 ns for CPU#00 __lkdtm_SMP_CALL_LOCKUP+0x0/0x8(0x0). | smp: csd: CSD lock (#1) handling this request. Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240515120828.375585-1-mark.rutland@arm.com Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org>
2024-05-18Merge tag 'kbuild-v6.10' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada: - Avoid 'constexpr', which is a keyword in C23 - Allow 'dtbs_check' and 'dt_compatible_check' run independently of 'dt_binding_check' - Fix weak references to avoid GOT entries in position-independent code generation - Convert the last use of 'optional' property in arch/sh/Kconfig - Remove support for the 'optional' property in Kconfig - Remove support for Clang's ThinLTO caching, which does not work with the .incbin directive - Change the semantics of $(src) so it always points to the source directory, which fixes Makefile inconsistencies between upstream and downstream - Fix 'make tar-pkg' for RISC-V to produce a consistent package - Provide reasonable default coverage for objtool, sanitizers, and profilers - Remove redundant OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD, KASAN_SANITIZE, etc. - Remove the last use of tristate choice in drivers/rapidio/Kconfig - Various cleanups and fixes in Kconfig * tag 'kbuild-v6.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (46 commits) kconfig: use sym_get_choice_menu() in sym_check_prop() rapidio: remove choice for enumeration kconfig: lxdialog: remove initialization with A_NORMAL kconfig: m/nconf: merge two item_add_str() calls kconfig: m/nconf: remove dead code to display value of bool choice kconfig: m/nconf: remove dead code to display children of choice members kconfig: gconf: show checkbox for choice correctly kbuild: use GCOV_PROFILE and KCSAN_SANITIZE in scripts/Makefile.modfinal Makefile: remove redundant tool coverage variables kbuild: provide reasonable defaults for tool coverage modules: Drop the .export_symbol section from the final modules kconfig: use menu_list_for_each_sym() in sym_check_choice_deps() kconfig: use sym_get_choice_menu() in conf_write_defconfig() kconfig: add sym_get_choice_menu() helper kconfig: turn defaults and additional prompt for choice members into error kconfig: turn missing prompt for choice members into error kconfig: turn conf_choice() into void function kconfig: use linked list in sym_set_changed() kconfig: gconf: use MENU_CHANGED instead of SYMBOL_CHANGED kconfig: gconf: remove debug code ...
2024-05-14Makefile: remove redundant tool coverage variablesMasahiro Yamada
Now Kbuild provides reasonable defaults for objtool, sanitizers, and profilers. Remove redundant variables. Note: This commit changes the coverage for some objects: - include arch/mips/vdso/vdso-image.o into UBSAN, GCOV, KCOV - include arch/sparc/vdso/vdso-image-*.o into UBSAN - include arch/sparc/vdso/vma.o into UBSAN - include arch/x86/entry/vdso/extable.o into KASAN, KCSAN, UBSAN, GCOV, KCOV - include arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso-image-*.o into KASAN, KCSAN, UBSAN, GCOV, KCOV - include arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso32-setup.o into KASAN, KCSAN, UBSAN, GCOV, KCOV - include arch/x86/entry/vdso/vma.o into GCOV, KCOV - include arch/x86/um/vdso/vma.o into KASAN, GCOV, KCOV I believe these are positive effects because all of them are kernel space objects. Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Tested-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com>
2024-05-01lkdtm: Disable CFI checking for perms functionsKees Cook
The EXEC_RODATA test plays a lot of tricks to live in the .rodata section, and once again ran into objtool's (completely reasonable) assumptions that executable code should live in an executable section. However, this manifested only under CONFIG_CFI_CLANG=y, as one of the .cfi_sites was pointing into the .rodata section. Since we're testing non-CFI execution properties in perms.c (and rodata.c), we can disable CFI for the involved functions, and remove the CFI arguments from rodata.c entirely. Reported-by: kernel test robot <oliver.sang@intel.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-lkp/202308301532.d7acf63e-oliver.sang@intel.com Fixes: 6342a20efbd8 ("objtool: Add elf_create_section_pair()") Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240430234953.work.760-kees@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2024-03-22lkdtm/bugs: Improve warning message for compilers without counted_by supportNathan Chancellor
The current message for telling the user that their compiler does not support the counted_by attribute in the FAM_BOUNDS test does not make much sense either grammatically or semantically. Fix it to make it correct in both aspects. Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavoars@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240321-lkdtm-improve-lack-of-counted_by-msg-v1-1-0fbf7481a29c@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2024-03-12Merge tag 'slab-for-6.9' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vbabka/slab Pull slab updates from Vlastimil Babka: - Freelist loading optimization (Chengming Zhou) When the per-cpu slab is depleted and a new one loaded from the cpu partial list, optimize the loading to avoid an irq enable/disable cycle. This results in a 3.5% performance improvement on the "perf bench sched messaging" test. - Kernel boot parameters cleanup after SLAB removal (Xiongwei Song) Due to two different main slab implementations we've had boot parameters prefixed either slab_ and slub_ with some later becoming an alias as both implementations gained the same functionality (i.e. slab_nomerge vs slub_nomerge). In order to eventually get rid of the implementation-specific names, the canonical and documented parameters are now all prefixed slab_ and the slub_ variants become deprecated but still working aliases. - SLAB_ kmem_cache creation flags cleanup (Vlastimil Babka) The flags had hardcoded #define values which became tedious and error-prone when adding new ones. Assign the values via an enum that takes care of providing unique bit numbers. Also deprecate SLAB_MEM_SPREAD which was only used by SLAB, so it's a no-op since SLAB removal. Assign it an explicit zero value. The removals of the flag usage are handled independently in the respective subsystems, with a final removal of any leftover usage planned for the next release. - Misc cleanups and fixes (Chengming Zhou, Xiaolei Wang, Zheng Yejian) Includes removal of unused code or function parameters and a fix of a memleak. * tag 'slab-for-6.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vbabka/slab: slab: remove PARTIAL_NODE slab_state mm, slab: remove memcg_from_slab_obj() mm, slab: remove the corner case of inc_slabs_node() mm/slab: Fix a kmemleak in kmem_cache_destroy() mm, slab, kasan: replace kasan_never_merge() with SLAB_NO_MERGE mm, slab: use an enum to define SLAB_ cache creation flags mm, slab: deprecate SLAB_MEM_SPREAD flag mm, slab: fix the comment of cpu partial list mm, slab: remove unused object_size parameter in kmem_cache_flags() mm/slub: remove parameter 'flags' in create_kmalloc_caches() mm/slub: remove unused parameter in next_freelist_entry() mm/slub: remove full list manipulation for non-debug slab mm/slub: directly load freelist from cpu partial slab in the likely case mm/slub: make the description of slab_min_objects helpful in doc mm/slub: replace slub_$params with slab_$params in slub.rst mm/slub: unify all sl[au]b parameters with "slab_$param" Documentation: kernel-parameters: remove noaliencache
2024-02-01lkdtm/bugs: In lkdtm_HUNG_TASK() use BUG(), not BUG_ON(1)Douglas Anderson
In commit edb6538da3df ("lkdtm/bugs: Adjust lkdtm_HUNG_TASK() to avoid tail call optimization") we marked lkdtm_HUNG_TASK() as __noreturn. The compiler gets unhappy if it thinks a __noreturn function might return, so there's a BUG_ON(1) at the end. Any human can see that the function won't return and the compiler can figure that out too. Except when it can't. The MIPS architecture defines HAVE_ARCH_BUG_ON and defines its own version of BUG_ON(). The MIPS version of BUG_ON() is not a macro but is instead an inline function. Apparently this prevents the compiler from realizing that the condition to BUG_ON() is constant and that the function will never return. Let's change the BUG_ON(1) to just BUG(), which it should have been to begin with. The only reason I used BUG_ON(1) to begin with was because I was used to using WARN_ON(1) when writing test code and WARN() and BUG() are oddly inconsistent in this manner. :-/ Fixes: edb6538da3df ("lkdtm/bugs: Adjust lkdtm_HUNG_TASK() to avoid tail call optimization") Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org> Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202401262204.wUFKRYZF-lkp@intel.com/ Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240126072852.1.Ib065e528a8620474a72f15baa2feead1f3d89865@changeid Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2024-02-01lkdtm/bugs: Adjust lkdtm_HUNG_TASK() to avoid tail call optimizationDouglas Anderson
When testing with lkdtm_HUNG_TASK() and looking at the output, I expected to see lkdtm_HUNG_TASK() in the stack crawl but it wasn't there. Instead, the top function on at least some devices was schedule() due to tail call optimization. Let's do two things to help here: 1. We'll mark this as "__noreturn". On GCC at least this is documented to prevent tail call optimization. The docs [1] say "In order to preserve backtraces, GCC will never turn calls to noreturn functions into tail calls." 2. We'll add a BUG_ON(1) at the end which means that schedule() is no longer a tail call. Note that this is potentially important because if we _did_ end up returning from schedule() due to some weird issue then we'd potentially be violating the "noreturn" that we told the compiler about. BUG is the right thing to do here. [1] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Common-Function-Attributes.html Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240122164935.2.I26e8f68c312824fcc80c19d4e91de2d2bef958f0@changeid Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2024-02-01lkdtm: Make lkdtm_do_action() return to avoid tail call optimizationDouglas Anderson
The comments for lkdtm_do_action() explicitly call out that it shouldn't be inlined because we want it to show up in stack crawls. However, at least with some compilers / options it's still vanishing due to tail call optimization. Let's add a return value to the function to make it harder for the compiler to do tail call optimization here. Now that we have a return value, we can actually use it in the callers, which is a minor improvement in the code. Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240122164935.1.I345e485f36babad76370c59659a706723750d950@changeid Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2024-01-22mm/slub: unify all sl[au]b parameters with "slab_$param"Xiongwei Song
Since the SLAB allocator has been removed, so we can clean up the sl[au]b_$params. With only one slab allocator left, it's better to use the generic "slab" term instead of "slub" which is an implementation detail, which is pointed out by Vlastimil Babka. For more information please see [1]. Hence, we are going to use "slab_$param" as the primary prefix. This patch is changing the following slab parameters - slub_max_order - slub_min_order - slub_min_objects - slub_debug to - slab_max_order - slab_min_order - slab_min_objects - slab_debug as the primary slab parameters for all references of them in docs and comments. But this patch won't change variables and functions inside slub as we will have wider slub/slab change. Meanwhile, "slub_$params" can also be passed by command line, which is to keep backward compatibility. Also mark all "slub_$params" as legacy. Remove the separate descriptions for slub_[no]merge, append legacy tip for them at the end of descriptions of slab_[no]merge. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/7512b350-4317-21a0-fab3-4101bc4d8f7a@suse.cz/ Signed-off-by: Xiongwei Song <xiongwei.song@windriver.com> Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
2023-12-01lkdtm: Add kfence read after free crash typeStephen Boyd
Add the ability to allocate memory from kfence and trigger a read after free on that memory to validate that kfence is working properly. This is used by ChromeOS integration tests to validate that kfence errors can be collected on user devices and parsed properly. Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> Acked-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: kasan-dev@googlegroups.com Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231129214413.3156334-1-swboyd@chromium.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2023-11-08Merge tag 'riscv-for-linus-6.7-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux Pull RISC-V updates from Palmer Dabbelt: - Support for cbo.zero in userspace - Support for CBOs on ACPI-based systems - A handful of improvements for the T-Head cache flushing ops - Support for software shadow call stacks - Various cleanups and fixes * tag 'riscv-for-linus-6.7-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux: (31 commits) RISC-V: hwprobe: Fix vDSO SIGSEGV riscv: configs: defconfig: Enable configs required for RZ/Five SoC riscv: errata: prefix T-Head mnemonics with th. riscv: put interrupt entries into .irqentry.text riscv: mm: Update the comment of CONFIG_PAGE_OFFSET riscv: Using TOOLCHAIN_HAS_ZIHINTPAUSE marco replace zihintpause riscv/mm: Fix the comment for swap pte format RISC-V: clarify the QEMU workaround in ISA parser riscv: correct pt_level name via pgtable_l5/4_enabled RISC-V: Provide pgtable_l5_enabled on rv32 clocksource: timer-riscv: Increase rating of clock_event_device for Sstc clocksource: timer-riscv: Don't enable/disable timer interrupt lkdtm: Fix CFI_BACKWARD on RISC-V riscv: Use separate IRQ shadow call stacks riscv: Implement Shadow Call Stack riscv: Move global pointer loading to a macro riscv: Deduplicate IRQ stack switching riscv: VMAP_STACK overflow detection thread-safe RISC-V: cacheflush: Initialize CBO variables on ACPI systems RISC-V: ACPI: RHCT: Add function to get CBO block sizes ...
2023-10-27lkdtm: Fix CFI_BACKWARD on RISC-VSami Tolvanen
On RISC-V, the return address is before the current frame pointer, unlike on most other architectures. Use the correct offset on RISC-V to fix the CFI_BACKWARD test. Signed-off-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com> Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230927224757.1154247-14-samitolvanen@google.com Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>
2023-09-28lkdtm/bugs: add test for panic() with stuck secondary CPUsMark Rutland
Upon a panic() the kernel will use either smp_send_stop() or crash_smp_send_stop() to attempt to stop secondary CPUs via an IPI, which may or may not be an NMI. Generally it's preferable that this is an NMI so that CPUs can be stopped in as many situations as possible, but it's not always possible to provide an NMI, and there are cases where CPUs may be unable to handle the NMI regardless. This patch adds a test for panic() where all other CPUs are stuck with interrupts disabled, which can be used to check whether the kernel gracefully handles CPUs failing to respond to a stop, and whether NMIs actually work to stop CPUs. For example, on arm64 *without* an NMI, this results in: | # echo PANIC_STOP_IRQOFF > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT | lkdtm: Performing direct entry PANIC_STOP_IRQOFF | Kernel panic - not syncing: panic stop irqoff test | CPU: 2 PID: 24 Comm: migration/2 Not tainted 6.5.0-rc3-00077-ge6c782389895-dirty #4 | Hardware name: QEMU QEMU Virtual Machine, BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015 | Stopper: multi_cpu_stop+0x0/0x1a0 <- stop_machine_cpuslocked+0x158/0x1a4 | Call trace: | dump_backtrace+0x94/0xec | show_stack+0x18/0x24 | dump_stack_lvl+0x74/0xc0 | dump_stack+0x18/0x24 | panic+0x358/0x3e8 | lkdtm_PANIC+0x0/0x18 | multi_cpu_stop+0x9c/0x1a0 | cpu_stopper_thread+0x84/0x118 | smpboot_thread_fn+0x224/0x248 | kthread+0x114/0x118 | ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 | SMP: stopping secondary CPUs | SMP: failed to stop secondary CPUs 0-3 | Kernel Offset: 0x401cf3490000 from 0xffff80008000000c0 | PHYS_OFFSET: 0x40000000 | CPU features: 0x00000000,68c167a1,cce6773f | Memory Limit: none | ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: panic stop irqoff test ]--- Note the "failed to stop secondary CPUs 0-3" message. On arm64 *with* an NMI, this results in: | # echo PANIC_STOP_IRQOFF > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT | lkdtm: Performing direct entry PANIC_STOP_IRQOFF | Kernel panic - not syncing: panic stop irqoff test | CPU: 1 PID: 19 Comm: migration/1 Not tainted 6.5.0-rc3-00077-ge6c782389895-dirty #4 | Hardware name: QEMU QEMU Virtual Machine, BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015 | Stopper: multi_cpu_stop+0x0/0x1a0 <- stop_machine_cpuslocked+0x158/0x1a4 | Call trace: | dump_backtrace+0x94/0xec | show_stack+0x18/0x24 | dump_stack_lvl+0x74/0xc0 | dump_stack+0x18/0x24 | panic+0x358/0x3e8 | lkdtm_PANIC+0x0/0x18 | multi_cpu_stop+0x9c/0x1a0 | cpu_stopper_thread+0x84/0x118 | smpboot_thread_fn+0x224/0x248 | kthread+0x114/0x118 | ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 | SMP: stopping secondary CPUs | Kernel Offset: 0x55a9c0bc0000 from 0xffff800080000000 | PHYS_OFFSET: 0x40000000 | CPU features: 0x00000000,68c167a1,fce6773f | Memory Limit: none | ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: panic stop irqoff test ]--- Note the absence of a "failed to stop secondary CPUs" message, since we don't log anything when secondary CPUs are successfully stopped. Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org> Cc: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Reviewed-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org> Reviewed-by: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230921161634.4063233-1-mark.rutland@arm.com Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2023-08-17lkdtm: Add FAM_BOUNDS test for __counted_byKees Cook
Add new CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS test for __counted_by attribute. Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2023-08-15list: Introduce CONFIG_LIST_HARDENEDMarco Elver
Numerous production kernel configs (see [1, 2]) are choosing to enable CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST, which is also being recommended by KSPP for hardened configs [3]. The motivation behind this is that the option can be used as a security hardening feature (e.g. CVE-2019-2215 and CVE-2019-2025 are mitigated by the option [4]). The feature has never been designed with performance in mind, yet common list manipulation is happening across hot paths all over the kernel. Introduce CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED, which performs list pointer checking inline, and only upon list corruption calls the reporting slow path. To generate optimal machine code with CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED: 1. Elide checking for pointer values which upon dereference would result in an immediate access fault (i.e. minimal hardening checks). The trade-off is lower-quality error reports. 2. Use the __preserve_most function attribute (available with Clang, but not yet with GCC) to minimize the code footprint for calling the reporting slow path. As a result, function size of callers is reduced by avoiding saving registers before calling the rarely called reporting slow path. Note that all TUs in lib/Makefile already disable function tracing, including list_debug.c, and __preserve_most's implied notrace has no effect in this case. 3. Because the inline checks are a subset of the full set of checks in __list_*_valid_or_report(), always return false if the inline checks failed. This avoids redundant compare and conditional branch right after return from the slow path. As a side-effect of the checks being inline, if the compiler can prove some condition to always be true, it can completely elide some checks. Since DEBUG_LIST is functionally a superset of LIST_HARDENED, the Kconfig variables are changed to reflect that: DEBUG_LIST selects LIST_HARDENED, whereas LIST_HARDENED itself has no dependency on DEBUG_LIST. Running netperf with CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED (using a Clang compiler with "preserve_most") shows throughput improvements, in my case of ~7% on average (up to 20-30% on some test cases). Link: https://r.android.com/1266735 [1] Link: https://gitlab.archlinux.org/archlinux/packaging/packages/linux/-/blob/main/config [2] Link: https://kernsec.org/wiki/index.php/Kernel_Self_Protection_Project/Recommended_Settings [3] Link: https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2019/11/bad-binder-android-in-wild-exploit.html [4] Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230811151847.1594958-3-elver@google.com Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2023-07-03Merge tag 'char-misc-6.5-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc Pull Char/Misc updates from Greg KH: "Here is the big set of char/misc and other driver subsystem updates for 6.5-rc1. Lots of different, tiny, stuff in here, from a range of smaller driver subsystems, including pulls from some substems directly: - IIO driver updates and additions - W1 driver updates and fixes (and a new maintainer!) - FPGA driver updates and fixes - Counter driver updates - Extcon driver updates - Interconnect driver updates - Coresight driver updates - mfd tree tag merge needed for other updates on top of that, lots of small driver updates as patches, including: - static const updates for class structures - nvmem driver updates - pcmcia driver fix - lots of other small driver updates and fixes All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported problems" * tag 'char-misc-6.5-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (243 commits) bsr: fix build problem with bsr_class static cleanup comedi: make all 'class' structures const char: xillybus: make xillybus_class a static const structure xilinx_hwicap: make icap_class a static const structure virtio_console: make port class a static const structure ppdev: make ppdev_class a static const structure char: misc: make misc_class a static const structure /dev/mem: make mem_class a static const structure char: lp: make lp_class a static const structure dsp56k: make dsp56k_class a static const structure bsr: make bsr_class a static const structure oradax: make 'cl' a static const structure hwtracing: hisi_ptt: Fix potential sleep in atomic context hwtracing: hisi_ptt: Advertise PERF_PMU_CAP_NO_EXCLUDE for PTT PMU hwtracing: hisi_ptt: Export available filters through sysfs hwtracing: hisi_ptt: Add support for dynamically updating the filter list hwtracing: hisi_ptt: Factor out filter allocation and release operation samples: pfsm: add CC_CAN_LINK dependency misc: fastrpc: check return value of devm_kasprintf() coresight: dummy: Update type of mode parameter in dummy_{sink,source}_enable() ...
2023-06-27Merge tag 'hardening-v6.5-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux Pull hardening updates from Kees Cook: "There are three areas of note: A bunch of strlcpy()->strscpy() conversions ended up living in my tree since they were either Acked by maintainers for me to carry, or got ignored for multiple weeks (and were trivial changes). The compiler option '-fstrict-flex-arrays=3' has been enabled globally, and has been in -next for the entire devel cycle. This changes compiler diagnostics (though mainly just -Warray-bounds which is disabled) and potential UBSAN_BOUNDS and FORTIFY _warning_ coverage. In other words, there are no new restrictions, just potentially new warnings. Any new FORTIFY warnings we've seen have been fixed (usually in their respective subsystem trees). For more details, see commit df8fc4e934c12b. The under-development compiler attribute __counted_by has been added so that we can start annotating flexible array members with their associated structure member that tracks the count of flexible array elements at run-time. It is possible (likely?) that the exact syntax of the attribute will change before it is finalized, but GCC and Clang are working together to sort it out. Any changes can be made to the macro while we continue to add annotations. As an example of that last case, I have a treewide commit waiting with such annotations found via Coccinelle: https://git.kernel.org/linus/adc5b3cb48a049563dc673f348eab7b6beba8a9b Also see commit dd06e72e68bcb4 for more details. Summary: - Fix KMSAN vs FORTIFY in strlcpy/strlcat (Alexander Potapenko) - Convert strreplace() to return string start (Andy Shevchenko) - Flexible array conversions (Arnd Bergmann, Wyes Karny, Kees Cook) - Add missing function prototypes seen with W=1 (Arnd Bergmann) - Fix strscpy() kerndoc typo (Arne Welzel) - Replace strlcpy() with strscpy() across many subsystems which were either Acked by respective maintainers or were trivial changes that went ignored for multiple weeks (Azeem Shaikh) - Remove unneeded cc-option test for UBSAN_TRAP (Nick Desaulniers) - Add KUnit tests for strcat()-family - Enable KUnit tests of FORTIFY wrappers under UML - Add more complete FORTIFY protections for strlcat() - Add missed disabling of FORTIFY for all arch purgatories. - Enable -fstrict-flex-arrays=3 globally - Tightening UBSAN_BOUNDS when using GCC - Improve checkpatch to check for strcpy, strncpy, and fake flex arrays - Improve use of const variables in FORTIFY - Add requested struct_size_t() helper for types not pointers - Add __counted_by macro for annotating flexible array size members" * tag 'hardening-v6.5-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux: (54 commits) netfilter: ipset: Replace strlcpy with strscpy uml: Replace strlcpy with strscpy um: Use HOST_DIR for mrproper kallsyms: Replace all non-returning strlcpy with strscpy sh: Replace all non-returning strlcpy with strscpy of/flattree: Replace all non-returning strlcpy with strscpy sparc64: Replace all non-returning strlcpy with strscpy Hexagon: Replace all non-returning strlcpy with strscpy kobject: Use return value of strreplace() lib/string_helpers: Change returned value of the strreplace() jbd2: Avoid printing outside the boundary of the buffer checkpatch: Check for 0-length and 1-element arrays riscv/purgatory: Do not use fortified string functions s390/purgatory: Do not use fortified string functions x86/purgatory: Do not use fortified string functions acpi: Replace struct acpi_table_slit 1-element array with flex-array clocksource: Replace all non-returning strlcpy with strscpy string: use __builtin_memcpy() in strlcpy/strlcat staging: most: Replace all non-returning strlcpy with strscpy drm/i2c: tda998x: Replace all non-returning strlcpy with strscpy ...
2023-06-07lkdtm: Avoid objtool/ibt warningPeter Zijlstra
For certain configs objtool will complain like: vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: lkdtm_UNSET_SMEP+0x1c3: relocation to !ENDBR: native_write_cr4+0x41 What happens is that GCC optimizes the loop: insn = (unsigned char *)native_write_cr4; for (i = 0; i < MOV_CR4_DEPTH; i++) to read something like: for (insn = (unsigned char *)native_write_cr4; insn < (unsigned char *)native_write_cr4 + MOV_CR4_DEPTH; insn++) Which then obviously generates the text reference native_write_cr4+041. Since none of this is a fast path, simply confuse GCC enough to inhibit this optimization. Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/Y3JdgbXRV0MNZ+9h@hirez.programming.kicks-ass.net Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
2023-05-31lkdtm: replace ll_rw_block with submit_bhYue Zhao
Function ll_rw_block was removed in commit 79f597842069 ("fs/buffer: remove ll_rw_block() helper"). There is no unified function to sumbit read or write buffer in block layer for now. Consider similar sematics, we can choose submit_bh() to replace ll_rw_block() as predefined crash point. In submit_bh(), it also takes read or write flag as the first argument and invoke submit_bio() to submit I/O request to block layer. Fixes: 79f597842069 ("fs/buffer: remove ll_rw_block() helper") Signed-off-by: Yue Zhao <findns94@gmail.com> Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230503162944.3969-1-findns94@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2023-05-30lkdtm/bugs: Switch from 1-element array to flexible arrayKees Cook
The testing for ARRAY_BOUNDS just wants an uninstrumented array, and the proper flexible array definition is fine for that. Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Bill Wendling <morbo@google.com> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2023-04-14lkdtm/stackleak: Fix noinstr violationJosh Poimboeuf
Fixes the following warning: vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: check_stackleak_irqoff+0x2b6: call to _printk() leaves .noinstr.text section Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/ee5209f53aa0a62aea58be18f2b78b17606779a6.1681320026.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
2023-01-05fortify: Use __builtin_dynamic_object_size() when availableKees Cook
Since the commits starting with c37495d6254c ("slab: add __alloc_size attributes for better bounds checking"), the compilers have runtime allocation size hints available in some places. This was immediately available to CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS, but CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE needed updating to explicitly make use of the hints via the associated __builtin_dynamic_object_size() helper. Detect and use the builtin when it is available, increasing the accuracy of the mitigation. When runtime sizes are not available, __builtin_dynamic_object_size() falls back to __builtin_object_size(), leaving the existing bounds checking unchanged. Additionally update the VMALLOC_LINEAR_OVERFLOW LKDTM test to make the hint invisible, otherwise the architectural defense is not exercised (the buffer overflow is detected in the memset() rather than when it crosses the edge of the allocation). Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Cc: Tom Rix <trix@redhat.com> Cc: linux-hardening@vger.kernel.org Cc: llvm@lists.linux.dev Reviewed-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org> # include/linux/compiler_attributes.h Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2022-12-14lkdtm: cfi: Make PAC test work with GCC 7 and 8Kristina Martsenko
The CFI test uses the branch-protection=none compiler attribute to disable PAC return address protection on a function. While newer GCC versions support this attribute, older versions (GCC 7 and 8) instead supported the sign-return-address=none attribute, leading to a build failure when the test is built with older compilers. Fix it by checking which attribute is supported and using the correct one. Fixes: 2e53b877dc12 ("lkdtm: Add CFI_BACKWARD to test ROP mitigations") Reported-by: Daniel Díaz <daniel.diaz@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Kristina Martsenko <kristina.martsenko@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAEUSe78kDPxQmQqCWW-_9LCgJDFhAeMoVBFnX9QLx18Z4uT4VQ@mail.gmail.com/
2022-10-03Merge tag 'hardening-v6.1-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux Pull kernel hardening updates from Kees Cook: "Most of the collected changes here are fixes across the tree for various hardening features (details noted below). The most notable new feature here is the addition of the memcpy() overflow warning (under CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE), which is the next step on the path to killing the common class of "trivially detectable" buffer overflow conditions (i.e. on arrays with sizes known at compile time) that have resulted in many exploitable vulnerabilities over the years (e.g. BleedingTooth). This feature is expected to still have some undiscovered false positives. It's been in -next for a full development cycle and all the reported false positives have been fixed in their respective trees. All the known-bad code patterns we could find with Coccinelle are also either fixed in their respective trees or in flight. The commit message in commit 54d9469bc515 ("fortify: Add run-time WARN for cross-field memcpy()") for the feature has extensive details, but I'll repeat here that this is a warning _only_, and is not intended to actually block overflows (yet). The many patches fixing array sizes and struct members have been landing for several years now, and we're finally able to turn this on to find any remaining stragglers. Summary: Various fixes across several hardening areas: - loadpin: Fix verity target enforcement (Matthias Kaehlcke). - zero-call-used-regs: Add missing clobbers in paravirt (Bill Wendling). - CFI: clean up sparc function pointer type mismatches (Bart Van Assche). - Clang: Adjust compiler flag detection for various Clang changes (Sami Tolvanen, Kees Cook). - fortify: Fix warnings in arch-specific code in sh, ARM, and xen. Improvements to existing features: - testing: improve overflow KUnit test, introduce fortify KUnit test, add more coverage to LKDTM tests (Bart Van Assche, Kees Cook). - overflow: Relax overflow type checking for wider utility. New features: - string: Introduce strtomem() and strtomem_pad() to fill a gap in strncpy() replacement needs. - um: Enable FORTIFY_SOURCE support. - fortify: Enable run-time struct member memcpy() overflow warning" * tag 'hardening-v6.1-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux: (27 commits) Makefile.extrawarn: Move -Wcast-function-type-strict to W=1 hardening: Remove Clang's enable flag for -ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero sparc: Unbreak the build x86/paravirt: add extra clobbers with ZERO_CALL_USED_REGS enabled x86/paravirt: clean up typos and grammaros fortify: Convert to struct vs member helpers fortify: Explicitly check bounds are compile-time constants x86/entry: Work around Clang __bdos() bug ARM: decompressor: Include .data.rel.ro.local fortify: Adjust KUnit test for modular build sh: machvec: Use char[] for section boundaries kunit/memcpy: Avoid pathological compile-time string size lib: Improve the is_signed_type() kunit test LoadPin: Require file with verity root digests to have a header dm: verity-loadpin: Only trust verity targets with enforcement LoadPin: Fix Kconfig doc about format of file with verity digests um: Enable FORTIFY_SOURCE lkdtm: Update tests for memcpy() run-time warnings fortify: Add run-time WARN for cross-field memcpy() fortify: Use SIZE_MAX instead of (size_t)-1 ...
2022-09-26treewide: Drop function_nocfiSami Tolvanen
With -fsanitize=kcfi, we no longer need function_nocfi() as the compiler won't change function references to point to a jump table. Remove all implementations and uses of the macro. Signed-off-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Tested-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Tested-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220908215504.3686827-14-samitolvanen@google.com
2022-09-26lkdtm: Emit an indirect call for CFI testsSami Tolvanen
Clang can convert the indirect calls in lkdtm_CFI_FORWARD_PROTO into direct calls. Move the call into a noinline function that accepts the target address as an argument to ensure the compiler actually emits an indirect call instead. Signed-off-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com> Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> Tested-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Tested-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220908215504.3686827-8-samitolvanen@google.com
2022-09-07lkdtm: Update tests for memcpy() run-time warningsKees Cook
Clarify the LKDTM FORTIFY tests, and add tests for the mem*() family of functions, now that run-time checking is distinct. Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2022-08-04Merge tag 'char-misc-6.0-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc Pull char / misc driver updates from Greg KH: "Here is the large set of char and misc and other driver subsystem changes for 6.0-rc1. Highlights include: - large set of IIO driver updates, additions, and cleanups - new habanalabs device support added (loads of register maps much like GPUs have) - soundwire driver updates - phy driver updates - slimbus driver updates - tiny virt driver fixes and updates - misc driver fixes and updates - interconnect driver updates - hwtracing driver updates - fpga driver updates - extcon driver updates - firmware driver updates - counter driver update - mhi driver fixes and updates - binder driver fixes and updates - speakup driver fixes All of these have been in linux-next for a while without any reported problems" * tag 'char-misc-6.0-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (634 commits) drivers: lkdtm: fix clang -Wformat warning char: remove VR41XX related char driver misc: Mark MICROCODE_MINOR unused spmi: trace: fix stack-out-of-bound access in SPMI tracing functions dt-bindings: iio: adc: Add compatible for MT8188 iio: light: isl29028: Fix the warning in isl29028_remove() iio: accel: sca3300: Extend the trigger buffer from 16 to 32 bytes iio: fix iio_format_avail_range() printing for none IIO_VAL_INT iio: adc: max1027: unlock on error path in max1027_read_single_value() iio: proximity: sx9324: add empty line in front of bullet list iio: magnetometer: hmc5843: Remove duplicate 'the' iio: magn: yas530: Use DEFINE_RUNTIME_DEV_PM_OPS() and pm_ptr() macros iio: magnetometer: ak8974: Use DEFINE_RUNTIME_DEV_PM_OPS() and pm_ptr() macros iio: light: veml6030: Use DEFINE_RUNTIME_DEV_PM_OPS() and pm_ptr() macros iio: light: vcnl4035: Use DEFINE_RUNTIME_DEV_PM_OPS() and pm_ptr() macros iio: light: vcnl4000: Use DEFINE_RUNTIME_DEV_PM_OPS() and pm_ptr() macros iio: light: tsl2591: Use DEFINE_RUNTIME_DEV_PM_OPS() and pm_ptr() iio: light: tsl2583: Use DEFINE_RUNTIME_DEV_PM_OPS and pm_ptr() iio: light: isl29028: Use DEFINE_RUNTIME_DEV_PM_OPS() and pm_ptr() iio: light: gp2ap002: Switch to DEFINE_RUNTIME_DEV_PM_OPS and pm_ptr() ...
2022-08-02Merge tag 'hardening-v5.20-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux Pull hardening updates from Kees Cook: - Fix Sparse warnings with randomizd kstack (GONG, Ruiqi) - Replace uintptr_t with unsigned long in usercopy (Jason A. Donenfeld) - Fix Clang -Wforward warning in LKDTM (Justin Stitt) - Fix comment to correctly refer to STRICT_DEVMEM (Lukas Bulwahn) - Introduce dm-verity binding logic to LoadPin LSM (Matthias Kaehlcke) - Clean up warnings and overflow and KASAN tests (Kees Cook) * tag 'hardening-v5.20-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux: dm: verity-loadpin: Drop use of dm_table_get_num_targets() kasan: test: Silence GCC 12 warnings drivers: lkdtm: fix clang -Wformat warning x86: mm: refer to the intended config STRICT_DEVMEM in a comment dm: verity-loadpin: Use CONFIG_SECURITY_LOADPIN_VERITY for conditional compilation LoadPin: Enable loading from trusted dm-verity devices dm: Add verity helpers for LoadPin stack: Declare {randomize_,}kstack_offset to fix Sparse warnings lib: overflow: Do not define 64-bit tests on 32-bit MAINTAINERS: Add a general "kernel hardening" section usercopy: use unsigned long instead of uintptr_t
2022-07-28drivers: lkdtm: fix clang -Wformat warningJustin Stitt
When building with Clang we encounter the following warning (ARCH=hexagon + CONFIG_FRAME_WARN=0): | ../drivers/misc/lkdtm/bugs.c:107:3: error: format specifies type | 'unsigned long' but the argument has type 'int' [-Werror,-Wformat] | REC_STACK_SIZE, recur_count); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Cast REC_STACK_SIZE to `unsigned long` to match format specifier `%lu` as well as maintain symmetry with `#define REC_STACK_SIZE (_AC(CONFIG_FRAME_WARN, UL) / 2)`. Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/378 Fixes: 24cccab42c419 ("lkdtm/bugs: Adjust recursion test to avoid elision") Reported-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Suggested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Suggested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Justin Stitt <justinstitt@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220721215706.4153027-1-justinstitt@google.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2022-07-27drivers: lkdtm: fix clang -Wformat warningJustin Stitt
When building with Clang we encounter the following warning (ARCH=hexagon + CONFIG_FRAME_WARN=0): | ../drivers/misc/lkdtm/bugs.c:107:3: error: format specifies type | 'unsigned long' but the argument has type 'int' [-Werror,-Wformat] | REC_STACK_SIZE, recur_count); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Cast REC_STACK_SIZE to `unsigned long` to match format specifier `%lu` as well as maintain symmetry with `#define REC_STACK_SIZE (_AC(CONFIG_FRAME_WARN, UL) / 2)`. Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/378 Reported-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Suggested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Suggested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> Signed-off-by: Justin Stitt <justinstitt@google.com> Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Fixes: 24cccab42c419 ("lkdtm/bugs: Adjust recursion test to avoid elision") Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220721215706.4153027-1-justinstitt@google.com
2022-07-20lkdtm: Disable return thunks in rodata.cJosh Poimboeuf
The following warning was seen: WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c:557 apply_returns (arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c:557 (discriminator 1)) Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.19.0-rc4-00008-gee88d363d156 #1 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.0-debian-1.16.0-4 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:apply_returns (arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c:557 (discriminator 1)) Code: ff ff 74 cb 48 83 c5 04 49 39 ee 0f 87 81 fe ff ff e9 22 ff ff ff 0f 0b 48 83 c5 04 49 39 ee 0f 87 6d fe ff ff e9 0e ff ff ff <0f> 0b 48 83 c5 04 49 39 ee 0f 87 59 fe ff ff e9 fa fe ff ff 48 89 The warning happened when apply_returns() failed to convert "JMP __x86_return_thunk" to RET. It was instead a JMP to nowhere, due to the thunk relocation not getting resolved. That rodata.o code is objcopy'd to .rodata, and later memcpy'd, so relocations don't work (and are apparently silently ignored). LKDTM is only used for testing, so the naked RET should be fine. So just disable return thunks for that file. While at it, disable objtool and KCSAN for the file. Fixes: 0b53c374b9ef ("x86/retpoline: Use -mfunction-return") Reported-by: kernel test robot <oliver.sang@intel.com> Debugged-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/Ys58BxHxoDZ7rfpr@xsang-OptiPlex-9020/
2022-06-27lkdtm: cfi: use NULL for a null pointer rather than zeroColin Ian King
There is a pointer being initialized with a zero, use NULL instead. Cleans up sparse warning: drivers/misc/lkdtm/cfi.c:100:27: warning: Using plain integer as NULL pointer Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.i.king@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220612202708.2754270-1-colin.i.king@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2022-06-03Merge tag 'char-misc-5.19-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc Pull char / misc / other smaller driver subsystem updates from Greg KH: "Here is the large set of char, misc, and other driver subsystem updates for 5.19-rc1. The merge request for this has been delayed as I wanted to get lots of linux-next testing due to some late arrivals of changes for the habannalabs driver. Highlights of this merge are: - habanalabs driver updates for new hardware types and fixes and other updates - IIO driver tree merge which includes loads of new IIO drivers and cleanups and additions - PHY driver tree merge with new drivers and small updates to existing ones - interconnect driver tree merge with fixes and updates - soundwire driver tree merge with some small fixes - coresight driver tree merge with small fixes and updates - mhi bus driver tree merge with lots of updates and new device support - firmware driver updates - fpga driver updates - lkdtm driver updates (with a merge conflict, more on that below) - extcon driver tree merge with small updates - lots of other tiny driver updates and fixes and cleanups, full details in the shortlog. All of these have been in linux-next for almost 2 weeks with no reported problems" * tag 'char-misc-5.19-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (387 commits) habanalabs: use separate structure info for each error collect data habanalabs: fix missing handle shift during mmap habanalabs: remove hdev from hl_ctx_get args habanalabs: do MMU prefetch as deferred work habanalabs: order memory manager messages habanalabs: return -EFAULT on copy_to_user error habanalabs: use NULL for eventfd habanalabs: update firmware header habanalabs: add support for notification via eventfd habanalabs: add topic to memory manager buffer habanalabs: handle race in driver fini habanalabs: add device memory scrub ability through debugfs habanalabs: use unified memory manager for CB flow habanalabs: unified memory manager new code for CB flow habanalabs/gaudi: set arbitration timeout to a high value habanalabs: add put by handle method to memory manager habanalabs: hide memory manager page shift habanalabs: Add separate poll interval value for protocol habanalabs: use get_task_pid() to take PID habanalabs: add prefetch flag to the MAP operation ...
2022-05-17lkdtm/heap: Hide allocation size from -Warray-boundsKees Cook
With the kmalloc() size annotations, GCC is smart enough to realize that LKDTM is intentionally writing past the end of the buffer. This is on purpose, of course, so hide the buffer from the optimizer. Silences: ../drivers/misc/lkdtm/heap.c: In function 'lkdtm_SLAB_LINEAR_OVERFLOW': ../drivers/misc/lkdtm/heap.c:59:13: warning: array subscript 256 is outside array bounds of 'void[1020]' [-Warray-bounds] 59 | data[1024 / sizeof(u32)] = 0x12345678; | ~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ In file included from ../drivers/misc/lkdtm/heap.c:7: In function 'kmalloc', inlined from 'lkdtm_SLAB_LINEAR_OVERFLOW' at ../drivers/misc/lkdtm/heap.c:54:14: ../include/linux/slab.h:581:24: note: at offset 1024 into object of size 1020 allocated by 'kmem_cache_alloc_trace' 581 | return kmem_cache_alloc_trace( | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 582 | kmalloc_caches[kmalloc_type(flags)][index], | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 583 | flags, size); | ~~~~~~~~~~~~ Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2022-05-17lkdtm/usercopy: Check vmalloc and >0-order foliosKees Cook
Add coverage for the recently added usercopy checks for vmalloc and folios, via USERCOPY_VMALLOC and USERCOPY_FOLIO respectively. Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2022-05-11lkdtm/usercopy: Rename "heap" to "slab"Kees Cook
To more clearly distinguish between the various heap types, rename the slab tests to "slab". Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2022-05-08lkdtm/stackleak: fix CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK=nMark Rutland
Recent rework broke building LKDTM when CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK=n. This patch fixes that breakage. Prior to recent stackleak rework, the LKDTM STACKLEAK_ERASING code could be built when the kernel was not built with stackleak support, and would run a test that would almost certainly fail (or pass by sheer cosmic coincidence), e.g. | # echo STACKLEAK_ERASING > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT | lkdtm: Performing direct entry STACKLEAK_ERASING | lkdtm: checking unused part of the thread stack (15560 bytes)... | lkdtm: FAIL: the erased part is not found (checked 15560 bytes) | lkdtm: FAIL: the thread stack is NOT properly erased! | lkdtm: This is probably expected, since this kernel (5.18.0-rc2 aarch64) was built *without* CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK=y The recent rework to the test made it more accurate by using helpers which are only defined when CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK=y, and so when building LKDTM when CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK=n, we get a build failure: | drivers/misc/lkdtm/stackleak.c: In function 'check_stackleak_irqoff': | drivers/misc/lkdtm/stackleak.c:30:46: error: implicit declaration of function 'stackleak_task_low_bound' [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration] | 30 | const unsigned long task_stack_low = stackleak_task_low_bound(current); | | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | drivers/misc/lkdtm/stackleak.c:31:47: error: implicit declaration of function 'stackleak_task_high_bound'; did you mean 'stackleak_task_init'? [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration] | 31 | const unsigned long task_stack_high = stackleak_task_high_bound(current); | | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | | stackleak_task_init | drivers/misc/lkdtm/stackleak.c:33:48: error: 'struct task_struct' has no member named 'lowest_stack' | 33 | const unsigned long lowest_sp = current->lowest_stack; | | ^~ | drivers/misc/lkdtm/stackleak.c:74:23: error: implicit declaration of function 'stackleak_find_top_of_poison' [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration] | 74 | poison_high = stackleak_find_top_of_poison(task_stack_low, untracked_high); | | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This patch fixes the issue by not compiling the body of the test when CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK=n, and replacing this with an unconditional XFAIL message. This means the pr_expected_config() in check_stackleak_irqoff() is redundant, and so it is removed. Where an architecture does not support stackleak, the test will log: | # echo STACKLEAK_ERASING > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT | lkdtm: Performing direct entry STACKLEAK_ERASING | lkdtm: XFAIL: stackleak is not supported on this arch (HAVE_ARCH_STACKLEAK=n) Where an architectures does support stackleak, but this has not been compiled in, the test will log: | # echo STACKLEAK_ERASING > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT | lkdtm: Performing direct entry STACKLEAK_ERASING | lkdtm: XFAIL: stackleak is not enabled (CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK=n) Where stackleak has been compiled in, the test behaves as usual: | # echo STACKLEAK_ERASING > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT | lkdtm: Performing direct entry STACKLEAK_ERASING | lkdtm: stackleak stack usage: | high offset: 336 bytes | current: 688 bytes | lowest: 1232 bytes | tracked: 1232 bytes | untracked: 672 bytes | poisoned: 14136 bytes | low offset: 8 bytes | lkdtm: OK: the rest of the thread stack is properly erased Fixes: f4cfacd92972cc44 ("lkdtm/stackleak: rework boundary management") Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Alexander Popov <alex.popov@linux.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506121145.1162908-1-mark.rutland@arm.com
2022-05-08lkdtm/stackleak: check stack boundariesMark Rutland
The stackleak code relies upon the current SP and lowest recorded SP falling within expected task stack boundaries. Check this at the start of the test. Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Alexander Popov <alex.popov@linux.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220427173128.2603085-12-mark.rutland@arm.com
2022-05-08lkdtm/stackleak: prevent unexpected stack usageMark Rutland
The lkdtm_STACKLEAK_ERASING() test is instrumentable and runs with IRQs unmasked, so it's possible for unrelated code to clobber the task stack and/or manipulate current->lowest_stack while the test is running, resulting in spurious failures. The regular stackleak erasing code is non-instrumentable and runs with IRQs masked, preventing similar issues. Make the body of the test non-instrumentable, and run it with IRQs masked, avoiding such spurious failures. Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Alexander Popov <alex.popov@linux.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220427173128.2603085-11-mark.rutland@arm.com
2022-05-08lkdtm/stackleak: rework boundary managementMark Rutland
There are a few problems with the way the LKDTM STACKLEAK_ERASING test manipulates the stack pointer and boundary values: * It uses the address of a local variable to determine the current stack pointer, rather than using current_stack_pointer directly. As the local variable could be placed anywhere within the stack frame, this can be an over-estimate of the true stack pointer value. * Is uses an estimate of the current stack pointer as the upper boundary when scanning for poison, even though prior functions could have used more stack (and may have updated current->lowest stack accordingly). * A pr_info() call is made in the middle of the test. As the printk() code is out-of-line and will make use of the stack, this could clobber poison and/or adjust current->lowest_stack. It would be better to log the metadata after the body of the test to avoid such problems. These have been observed to result in spurious test failures on arm64. In addition to this there are a couple of things which are sub-optimal: * To avoid the STACK_END_MAGIC value, it conditionally modifies 'left' if this contains more than a single element, when it could instead calculate the bound unconditionally using stackleak_task_low_bound(). * It open-codes the poison scanning. It would be better if this used the same helper code as used by erasing function so that the two cannot diverge. This patch reworks the test to avoid these issues, making use of the recently introduced helpers to ensure this is aligned with the regular stackleak code. As the new code tests stack boundaries before accessing the stack, there is no need to fail early when the tracked or untracked portions of the stack extend all the way to the low stack boundary. As stackleak_find_top_of_poison() is now used to find the top of the poisoned region of the stack, the subsequent poison checking starts at this boundary and verifies that stackleak_find_top_of_poison() is working correctly. The pr_info() which logged the untracked portion of stack is now moved to the end of the function, and logs the size of all the portions of the stack relevant to the test, including the portions at the top and bottom of the stack which are not erased or scanned, and the current / lowest recorded stack usage. Tested on x86_64: | # echo STACKLEAK_ERASING > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT | lkdtm: Performing direct entry STACKLEAK_ERASING | lkdtm: stackleak stack usage: | high offset: 168 bytes | current: 336 bytes | lowest: 656 bytes | tracked: 656 bytes | untracked: 400 bytes | poisoned: 15152 bytes | low offset: 8 bytes | lkdtm: OK: the rest of the thread stack is properly erased Tested on arm64: | # echo STACKLEAK_ERASING > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT | lkdtm: Performing direct entry STACKLEAK_ERASING | lkdtm: stackleak stack usage: | high offset: 336 bytes | current: 656 bytes | lowest: 1232 bytes | tracked: 1232 bytes | untracked: 672 bytes | poisoned: 14136 bytes | low offset: 8 bytes | lkdtm: OK: the rest of the thread stack is properly erased Tested on arm64 with deliberate breakage to the starting stack value and poison scanning: | # echo STACKLEAK_ERASING > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT | lkdtm: Performing direct entry STACKLEAK_ERASING | lkdtm: FAIL: non-poison value 24 bytes below poison boundary: 0x0 | lkdtm: FAIL: non-poison value 32 bytes below poison boundary: 0xffff8000083dbc00 ... | lkdtm: FAIL: non-poison value 1912 bytes below poison boundary: 0x78b4b9999e8cb15 | lkdtm: FAIL: non-poison value 1920 bytes below poison boundary: 0xffff8000083db400 | lkdtm: stackleak stack usage: | high offset: 336 bytes | current: 688 bytes | lowest: 1232 bytes | tracked: 576 bytes | untracked: 288 bytes | poisoned: 15176 bytes | low offset: 8 bytes | lkdtm: FAIL: the thread stack is NOT properly erased! | lkdtm: Unexpected! This kernel (5.18.0-rc1-00013-g1f7b1f1e29e0-dirty aarch64) was built with CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK=y Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Alexander Popov <alex.popov@linux.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220427173128.2603085-10-mark.rutland@arm.com
2022-05-08lkdtm/stackleak: avoid spurious failureMark Rutland
The lkdtm_STACKLEAK_ERASING() test scans for a contiguous block of poison values between the low stack bound and the stack pointer, and fails if it does not find a sufficiently large block. This can happen legitimately if the scan the low stack bound, which could occur if functions called prior to lkdtm_STACKLEAK_ERASING() used a large amount of stack. If this were to occur, it means that the erased portion of the stack is smaller than the size used by the scan, but does not cause a functional problem In practice this is unlikely to happen, but as this is legitimate and would not result in a functional problem, the test should not fail in this case. Remove the spurious failure case. Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Alexander Popov <alex.popov@linux.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220427173128.2603085-9-mark.rutland@arm.com
2022-04-26lkdtm: cfi: Fix type width for masking PAC bitsKees Cook
The masking for PAC bits wasn't handling 32-bit architectures correctly. Replace the u64 cast with uintptr_t. Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Reported-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAMuHMdVz-J-1ZQ08u0bsQihDkcRmEPrtX5B_oRJ+Ns5jrasnUw@mail.gmail.com Fixes: 2e53b877dc12 ("lkdtm: Add CFI_BACKWARD to test ROP mitigations") Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2022-04-16lkdtm: Add CFI_BACKWARD to test ROP mitigationsKees Cook
In order to test various backward-edge control flow integrity methods, add a test that manipulates the return address on the stack. Currently only arm64 Pointer Authentication and Shadow Call Stack is supported. $ echo CFI_BACKWARD | cat >/sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT Under SCS, successful test of the mitigation is reported as: lkdtm: Performing direct entry CFI_BACKWARD lkdtm: Attempting unchecked stack return address redirection ... lkdtm: ok: redirected stack return address. lkdtm: Attempting checked stack return address redirection ... lkdtm: ok: control flow unchanged. Under PAC, successful test of the mitigation is reported by the PAC exception handler: lkdtm: Performing direct entry CFI_BACKWARD lkdtm: Attempting unchecked stack return address redirection ... lkdtm: ok: redirected stack return address. lkdtm: Attempting checked stack return address redirection ... Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address bfffffc0088d0514 Mem abort info: ESR = 0x86000004 EC = 0x21: IABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits SET = 0, FnV = 0 EA = 0, S1PTW = 0 FSC = 0x04: level 0 translation fault [bfffffc0088d0514] address between user and kernel address ranges ... If the CONFIGs are missing (or the mitigation isn't working), failure is reported as: lkdtm: Performing direct entry CFI_BACKWARD lkdtm: Attempting unchecked stack return address redirection ... lkdtm: ok: redirected stack return address. lkdtm: Attempting checked stack return address redirection ... lkdtm: FAIL: stack return address was redirected! lkdtm: This is probably expected, since this kernel was built *without* CONFIG_ARM64_PTR_AUTH_KERNEL=y nor CONFIG_SHADOW_CALL_STACK=y Co-developed-by: Dan Li <ashimida@linux.alibaba.com> Signed-off-by: Dan Li <ashimida@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20220416001103.1524653-1-keescook@chromium.org
2022-04-12lkdtm: Move crashtype definitions into each categoryKees Cook
It's long been annoying that to add a new LKDTM test one had to update lkdtm.h and core.c to get it "registered". Switch to a per-category list and update the crashtype walking code in core.c to handle it. This also means that all the lkdtm_* tests themselves can be static now. Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2022-04-12lkdtm/bugs: Don't expect thread termination without CONFIG_UBSAN_TRAPChristophe Leroy
When you don't select CONFIG_UBSAN_TRAP, you get: # echo ARRAY_BOUNDS > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT [ 102.265827] ================================================================================ [ 102.278433] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in drivers/misc/lkdtm/bugs.c:342:16 [ 102.287207] index 8 is out of range for type 'char [8]' [ 102.298722] ================================================================================ [ 102.313712] lkdtm: FAIL: survived array bounds overflow! [ 102.318770] lkdtm: Unexpected! This kernel (5.16.0-rc1-s3k-dev-01884-g720dcf79314a ppc) was built with CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS=y It is not correct because when CONFIG_UBSAN_TRAP is not selected you can't expect array bounds overflow to kill the thread. Modify the logic so that when the kernel is built with CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS but without CONFIG_UBSAN_TRAP, you get a warning about CONFIG_UBSAN_TRAP not been selected instead. This also require a fix of pr_expected_config(), otherwise the following error is encountered. CC drivers/misc/lkdtm/bugs.o drivers/misc/lkdtm/bugs.c: In function 'lkdtm_ARRAY_BOUNDS': drivers/misc/lkdtm/bugs.c:351:2: error: 'else' without a previous 'if' 351 | else | ^~~~ Fixes: c75be56e35b2 ("lkdtm/bugs: Add ARRAY_BOUNDS to selftests") Signed-off-by: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/363b58690e907c677252467a94fe49444c80ea76.1649704381.git.christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu
2022-04-12lkdtm/usercopy: Expand size of "out of frame" objectKees Cook
To be sufficiently out of range for the usercopy test to see the lifetime mismatch, expand the size of the "bad" buffer, which will let it be beyond current_stack_pointer regardless of stack growth direction. Paired with the recent addition of stack depth checking under CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY=y, this will correctly start tripping again. Reported-by: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/762faf1b-0443-5ddf-4430-44a20cf2ec4d@collabora.com/ Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
generated by cgit v1.2.3-70-g09d2 (git 2.48.1) at 2025-04-07 13:21:25 +0000